The Dissertation is devoted to the improving of treatment of uncomplicated acute cholecystitis (AC) in elderly and senile patients with concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD) by improving the methods of intra- and postoperative abdominal and wound sanation using bacteriophages (BF). It was found that microflora composition varies depending on the gallbladder destruction degree and the nature of complications. Monoculture of bile and abdominal exudate was often found in 66,5% patients with gall bladder empyema, severe peritonitis with the causative agent of enterobacteria. Low leukocyte index of intoxication (3,44 ± 1,25) and concentration of average mass molecules (0,48 ± 0,06 standard units) were observed in these patients. Microbial associations were dominated in patients with purulent peritonitis, perivesical abscess in 76,7-86,6% cases, anaerobic and fungal flora appeared the structure of microbial gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic flora, endogenous intoxication indicators were increased - intoxication leukocyte index by 1.7 times, the concentration of average mass molecules by 1.6 times.Bacteriological spectrum study, microflora nature dynamics depending on the abdominal inflammation severity allowed to offer bacteriophage therapy scheme which has been used for bacteriological analyzes to obtain data. Bacteriophage sekstaphage was only prescribed in patients with gallbladder empyema and the most severe peritonitis. In contrast, combined phage therapy (sekstaphage, inesti-bacteriophage, coli-proteus, and pseudomonas) was recommended to use in patients with perivesical abscess, purulent peritonitis. The following methods were developed: abdominal sanation method after LCE using medical BF; prevention method of post-surgical intra-abdominal inflammatory complications; prevention of wound inflammatory complications allowed to reduce the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal inflammatory complications from 2.8% to 0.8%, wound - from 4.2% to 1.6% in comparison to patients of group I (LCE) and, respectively, from 6.7 to 0.8 and from 1.6% to 24.7% compared to the group I after TCE. The number of functional myocardial disorders was also decreased: the number of myocardial repolarization disorders in the main group decreased by 88% (in the I group (TCE) comparing to 59.8% in group II - 64.2%); total duration of the myocardial repolarization disorders respectively decreased by 92.2% (in the comparison group I by 61.4%, in the comparison group II - by 71.7%); Heart rate decreased significantly in the main group - by 19.7% in contrast to the comparison groups (in the I group - by 7.4%, in II - 10.2%). All of it allowed to reduce the lethality rate from 1,1% after TCE and from 0,5% after LCE to 0% after LCE with bakteriofage therapy.
