Poliakova I. Scientific principles of ensuring the environmental safety of the places of accumulation and containers storage of tritium waste

Thesis for scientific Degree of PhD in specialty 21.06.01 -environmental safety. State Academy of Postgraduate Education and Management, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2016. The work is dedicated to solution of actual scientific problem of disclosure peculiarities influence factors on the environmental safety of facilities and the accumulation of radioactive waste containing tritium, as a scientific foundation to increase its efficiency. Based on analysis of the current state of the generation, accumulation and storage of radioactive waste is established that in Ukraine there are around 2 724 000 m3 of solid and 42 thousand m3 of liquid radioactive waste, including tritium from the activity of more than 6?1019 Bq. Grounded and established scientific principles that ensure environmental safety of accumulation and storage of radioactive tritium waste on securing the harmful effects on the environment and living beings diffusion of tritium permeability is the consistent implementation of measures such as: - separation of tritium and conditioning of radioactive waste in special containers with two-component protective polymer material to plastic-based , 0,5 cm thick, made by rotomoldynh method, coated on its surface by spraying PTFE layer thickness of 0,1 cm; - conditioned storage container tritium waste at the sites of engineering structures under specified conditions of their placement. Proved and tested process of storage and radioactive waste treatment at the sites of accumulation of radioactive waste. System of "passive" protection consist of a complex multi-layer engineered barriers of concrete (grade M 400, B30 class, grade water resistance to W12, 393 strength kgf/cm2, a layer 0,5 meters), of bentonite clay (layer 0,5 m), of silica gel SiO2onH2O (brand KSKH, granulated GOST 3956-76, a layer of 0,27 m and a water absorption of 1,10 ml/g) and of two-component polymer protective container (0,6 cm layer). Keywords: technological safety, environmental safety, radiation safety, radioactive waste, tritium, protective plastics container, system of "passive" protection, radiation accident.