Artemenko A. Increasing of ecological safety of operation processes of a rolling stock and depot (on an example of the Kharkov underground)

Object of investigation: liquid waste handling at the subway depot and the depot retrofitting of passenger coaches. Purpose of research: the purpose is to reduce the ingredient influence that subway car-repair depots have on the environment, preventing thus its pollution with petrochemicals and synthetic surfactant species (SSS) and decrease the parametric effects of operated passenger coaches by retrofitting the wagon equipment. Methods of research: system analysis methods, chemical and chemical and physical methods of analysis, statistical method for Excel and MathCAD programs. Theoretical and practical results: Theoretical basics of the choice of methods for the integrated industrial waste water treatment to remove oil products and the basics of the choice of methods to reduce the parametric influence of passenger coaches due to the depot retrofitting were developed. Practical value: Engineering and technological solutions were worked out to reduce the consumption of drinking water for production processes at the car-repair deport "Saltovskoie" and bring the pollution indices of industrial waste waters down to the level acceptable for the water discharge to the urban sewerage system and the gulley. The system of engineering solutions was worked out to reduce noise and vibration loads created by subway coaches to comply with standard permissible levels, including the retrofitting of the lighting system of coach saloons to provide the efficient energy saving and eliminate the formation of dangerous waste. Novelty: the choice of the method of treatment for environmentally unsafe sewage waters of the deport to remove oil products according to the results of their fractioning by way of chemical and gravitational tests was justified theoretically and experimentally for the first time; noise and vibration loads created by the operation of the passenger coaches of Kharkov subway to which the environment is exposed were scientifically investigated and defined for the first time before and after the sequential steps of deport retrofitting that allowed us to define their efficiency with regard to a decrease in the level of impact of this parametric load on the environment; the technology of gravity separation of waste water pollutants that are formed during the washing of passenger coaches was improved based on the research data that resulted in the improved quality of utilizable energy carrier; the scientific conceptions of engineering tools used for the reduction of environmentally unsafe impact of the operation of the rolling stock of subway were further developed. Commercialization Level: Engineering solutions on the retrofitting of passenger coaches of the subway to reduce their noise load on the environment were worked out and commercialized for the "Saltovskoie" deport; scientific and practical data were introduced into the course of lectures delivered for the purpose of teaching and practical activities on such subjects as " Nature Conservation Technologies" and " Security of Vital Activities" at the Department for Security of Vital Activities and Engineering Ecology of the Kharkov National University for Construction and Architecture", in particular for the students majoring in 7.04010601 "Ecology and Environmental Protection".