Yelovska Y. Taboos in Ukrainian speech practice.

The target of this research is taboos of Ukrainian nation. The goal of the research is classifying taboo types referred to Ukrainian communicative practice, studying their impact on individual speech activity, defying the interrelation of prohibitions and social and cultural factors. Approaches applied in the research include descriptive, communicative and pragmatic, and structural methods. This paper represents a comprehensive analysis of taboos, outlined in Ukrainian speech practice. Taking into account interdisciplinary approach lingual taboo definition is displayed. It is interpreted as any situational limitations or precautions for using certain language units, tactics contact with individuals or maintaining communication in certain non-linguistic conditions including different factors (e.g.: religious, magic, social and political, cultural, ethical reasons etc.). The analysis of taboo fragments makes it possible to distribute factual material in two lexical semantic fields, such as: 1) human biological nature; 2) human social behaviour. Verbal samples of these lexical semantic fields demonstrate explicit and implicit prohibitions verbalizing various taboo types, including verbal taboos, chronotopos bans, and contact restrictions. A detailed study of language representation, the context and communication conditions identify specific characteristics of taboos found in Ukrainian speech practice. It also allows distinguishing taboo purpose and its functional and pragmatic influence on the communication process. Comparing speech samples of different times shows processes of taboo formation and taboo lifting. The usаge area is education process and lexicography.