Fedorinchyk A. Strategies of nuclear verbal actants' coding

The research studies basic principles of sentence architecture: its actant structure. Besides the fundamental principles of its construction, the thesis describes the main characteristics of two voices: the reflexive and the passive. It was provided a consistent way to analyze the predicate structure: how to decompose a given predicate to elementary subsituations, how to distribute participants between actant- and circonstant-classes, the basic principles of forming a list of semantic roles. Diatheses are described as mapping schemes between semantic roles and syntactic positions, the research also examines a correspondence between semantic and syntactic transitivity. On the grounds of coding of nuclear actants in prototypical transitive and ditransitive sentences, we can speak about the main types of morphosyntactic orientations: accusative, ergative; indirective, secundative. After a short analysis of conversivity and voices as diathesis-changing operations, the thesis provides a detailed description of synchronic and diachronic principles of reflexive marking and different types of passive, pseudopassive and other functionally close constructions.