Smirnov A. Morphofunctional state of the stomach under prolonged exposure of epichlorohydrin onto animal organism

The aim of the study was to find out the pathogenesis of the epichlorohydrin long-acting effect on the stomach of rats by the means of profound study of its morphofunctional state and to determine the effectiveness of the Echinacea Purpurea extract and thiotriazoline usage in relation to the correction of its disorders. According to the results of the study the long-term influence of epichlorohydrin causes disturbances of the morphofunctional state of the stomach. There are changes in the processes of cell division, differentiation and functioning of the structures of the wall and mucosa of the pyloric portion of the stomach, which are presented in reducing the thickness of the wall, reducing the mitotic activity of mucosa cells, the intensity of the synthesis and of secretion of mucins, changes in the cellular composition of mucosa, and the organization of chromatin in the surface epitheliocytes of the stomach pits and mucocytes of pyloric glands, in the development of hypotrophy of mucosa, in the decrease of proteolytic activity of gastric juice. The mechanism of the damaging effect of epichlorohydrin is based on its influence on the organization of chromatin and mitotic activity of cells. Euchromatin reduction causes inhibition of mucins synthesis. The change in the organization of chromatin causes a disturbance of the processes of mucosa cells differentiation, resulting in a decrease in the number of endocrinocytes, which secrete serotonin and gastrin, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the production of mucins, to a decrease in the proteolytic activity of gastric juice, to inhibition of mitotic activity of mucosa cells. The use of Echinacea Purpurea extract reduces the degree and duration of disturbances of morphofunctional state of the pyloric portion of the stomach of rats emerging under the influence of epichlorohydrin. There is a decrease in the intensity of the hypotrophy of the mucosa of the pyloric portion of the stomach, the state of the cellular composition of mucosa and the organization of the chromatin of the surface epitheliocytes improves, the proteolytic activity of the gastric juice increases. The use of thiotriazoline against the background of the administration of epichlorohydrin weakens the effects of this xenobiotic. There is a decrease in the intensity of mucosa hypotrophy. The structural organization of the surface epitheliocytes of the gastric pit and mucocytes of the pyloric glands and the processes of cell differentiation improves, the mitotic activity increases, the state of the processes of synthesis and secretion of mucins significantly improves. The positive effect of thiotriazoline on prevention of gastric lesion and the reduction of its pathological changes induced by epichlorohydrin is more significant than the effect of the use of the Echinacea Purpurea extract.