Makedonska I. Features of the development and progress of epilepsy among children born prematurely with extremely low body weight

The dissertation is devoted to the increase of the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of children with epilepsy prematurely born, based on a comprehensive examination, long-term observation and determination of the criteria for the adverse course of the disease. In the dynamics, they were examined and under long-term observation, 100 premature infants with epilepsy (M - 68, F - 32), of which 50 (M - 36; F - 14) born in weight up to 1000 grams (extremely low weight) and 50 (M - 32; F - 18) born weighing from 1000 to 2500 grams (Prematurely born). It was found that the percentage of anti-epileptic-resistant patients amoung prematurely born children with extremely low body weight is significantly exceeds this figure amoung children born prematurely weighing more than 1000 g (46 % vs. 32 %). Based on the analysis of clinical anamnestic data, the risk ratio was derived. The results of the calculations indicate that among the factors that have the greatest impact on the occurrence of epilepsy amoung children born with extremely low body weight, the following predominate: toxemia of the second half of pregnancy; chronic fetoplacental insufficiency; respiratory infections; complicated labors. Prescription of treatment for children with epilepsy born with extremely low body weight (the choice of antiepileptic drug; the use of mono or polytherapy; dosage regimen; the duration of treatment and observation) depends on the form of epilepsy, the age of the child, the dynamics of electroencephalographic indices, and the presence of somatic pathology.