Petryshen O. Morphofunctional condition of the stressed animal’s kidneys under the action of heavy metals salts (aluminium, lead) by photoperiodism disturbance

An object of our studies was structural and functional state of kidneys under the influence of aluminum, plumbum and immobilization stress on the background of altered function of the pineal gland. The aim of this work was to study peculiarities of morphological and functional changes under combined influence of aluminum, plumbum and immobilization stress on the background of altered function of the pineal gland. Methods which were used in this work included morphological group of methods (histological – study of functional and structural elements of changes in kidneys), biochemical (examination of sodium, potassium, creatinine and protein concentration), physiological (examination of speed of glomerular filtration, potassium excretory fraction, ions clearance, proximal and distal reabsorption processes), statistical (analysis and processing of digital data). As a result, the thesis highlights the issues of influence of aluminum chloride and lead against on the background of stress-factor and kidney compensatory possibilities under conditions of altered photoperiod. The functional ability of morphologically changed kidneys under the influence of negative factors under conditions of various functional state of pineal gland was determined. In particular, an increase of sodium ions excretion has been observed in the experimental groups (0,03±0,004, 0,05±0,006 versus 0,03±0,001 mmol/24 hours in the animals of the control group (p<0,001). We have shown that filtration charge of sodium in comparison with the control one has decreased. The restriction of filtration potential of nephrons by sodium occurred on a background of significant inhibition of tubular transport of this cation. It is distinctly observed on the absolute and relative reabsorption indices, which decreased compared to intact animals. At the same time a tendency to increase of creatinine concentration was noted in all experimental subgroups compared to control (p<0,001). We observed a significant sudden increase of this rate in animals that were in altered photoperiod conditions (135,4 ± 3,6 and 120,5 ± 5,7 mmol/L, respectively). Additionally, the received data was indicative of a decreased glomerular filtration rate (p <0,001), which was clearly observed in all subgroups compared with those of intact animals. This study shows the influence of exogenous melatonin on renal structural organization and hormone adjustment possibilities; its influence on the organ architectonics and functional abilities.