The dissertation is devoted to solving the problem of surgical treatment of victims with trauma of organs of small pelvis and the retroperitoneal space in conditions of massive blood loss by developing of new hemostasis methods. The experimental part of the work decided questions: the substantiation of the compliance of the internal tissue bleeding and the pelvic organs damage with the severity of trauma of the pelvic bones, and evaluating of the effectiveness of using of the balloon hemostasis method in bone-ligament injury of the pelvis. The research was carried out on 50 corpses of people of both genders, who died at the age of 20-75 years from injuries and diseases which non-associated with the pathology of the osteo-articular system. As a result of the experiment, it was proved that using of the balloon hemostasis technique to the temporarily bleeding stopping reduces the rate of blood loss, increasing of the retroperitoneal hematoma, and prevents the development of septic complications and improves conditions for the next providing assistance and the sequence of its implementation depending on the extent of the overall injury. Studding of the state of vascular-platelet and coagulation hemostasis units in injured pelvic organs and retroperitoneal space evidences about increasing of intravascular coagulation in the form: hyperaggregation of platelets - spontaneous and induced, raising of activity of von Willebrant factor, hypercoagulative shifts, a magnification in the content of thrombinemia markers (SFMC and D-dimer). In the acute period of injury, multidirectional shifts in the hemostasis system are observed in the form of: hypoaggregation and reduction of platelet retraction, activation of fibrinolysis with a simultaneous level rise of thrombinemia markers, PAI - 1 and von Willebrand factor activity. The treatment of 114 victims with the traumatic damage of the pelvic organs and retroperitoneal space, accompanied by massive blood loss, was retrospectively and prospectively analyzed in the clinical section of the work. As a result, the method of balloon hemostasis was developed and introduced into the clinic. The use of the proposed surgical tactics made it possible to reduce the number of complications from 32,4 to 17,8% - in 1.8 times, to shorten the duration of treatment on an average from 19,8 to 13,4 patient day - in 1,4 times, to reduce the daily mortality from 16,0 to 12,1% - in 1,3 times and to decrease the overall mortality from 30,4 to 22,4% - in 1,3 times.
