The dissertation deals with a complex analysis of proper names of manufactured products. Scientific and theoretical basis of study of tovaronyms as a component of pragmatic system has been substantiated; history of pragmatic research has been studied; differential features of pragmatonyms have been systematically described. Tovaronyms have been characterized as artificial onyms, related to material sphere of human life that denote a certain product, i.e. an object designed for sale or exchange (proper names of audio- and video devices, means of transportation, and so-called service machines). In the process of study, we have explored many of the differential features of machine names. Temporality is one of the most important signs of the proper names of industrial goods.
We have registered a total number of 20 091 of proprial units, among which 78 names in the first period (late ХІХ Century. – 1917), which constitutes 0,39 % from overall number of nominations; in the second period (1917–1945) – 668 (3,32 %); in the third period (1946–1991) – 6 564 onyms (32,67 %) and in the fourth period (1991–2018) – 12 781 names (63,62 %).
A peculiar feature of tovaronyms is distinguishing sorts (18 072; 89,95 %) that prevail over brands of technical devices (2 019; 10,05 %). At the same time, this prevalence has been observed throughout all the periods, namely in the first – (54 – 69,23 % and 24 – 30,77 %); second period (475 – 71,11 % and 193 – 28,89 %); period third (5 481 – 83,5 % and 1083 – 16,5 %) and fourth period (12 062 – 94,37 % and 719 – 5,63 % respectively). A gradual differentiation of machine-onyms is observed as more and more machine and device models have been released lately (in general, one brand includes almost nine its sorts).
Structural and derivational as well as motivational and functional peculiarities of machine-onyms have been outlined. By origin, 7 528 (37,47 %) Ukrainian-language and 12 563 (62,53 %) foreign-language nominations have been outlined. Native nominations have been characterized by structural and derivational, semantic and motivational as well as functional criteria. By structure, simple (739; 9,65 %), compound (2 687; 35,86%), and complex (4 102; 54,49 %) nominations have been outlined. High productivity of simple structures should be noted in the third period - (497; 7,57%); average productivity – in the fourth period (197; 1,54%), and low productivity – in the first period (3; 3,85%). Compound propriatives (2 687; 35,86%) are juxtapositions (891; 33,16 %), abbreviations (838; 31,19 %), combined constructions (502; 18,68 %), and compound units (456; 16,97 %), while complex ones are formed by the following models: “noun + numeral”, “noun + adjective”, “noun + noun + numeral”, “noun + numeral + noun” etc.
Two ways of tovaronyms derivation have been analyzed: lexical and semantic (4 801; 63,78 %) and morphological (2 727; 36,22 %). Within the first type, syntactic way prevails ((3 944; 52,39 %); less used are onymization (536; 7,13 %) and transonymization (321; 4,26 %). Morphological way of word-formation is mostly represented by compounding (2 663; 35,37 %); rarely affixation (40; 0,53 %), shortening (17; 0,23 %), and conversion (7; 0,09 %).
Formation of simple nominations is primarily influenced by association with trademarks (190 onyms), symbolization of nomination process (173), location of denotations (161), and melody of lexemes that are not directly related to the nominated object (137).
Analysis of structural and derivational, semantic and motivational as well functional attributives of proper names of machines and devices proved that this layer of onyms is rather big, independent, and differentiated by many features. At the same time, machine-onyms must be formed and must function by the standards of actual Ukrainian language, which stipulates the need in their standardization and codification.
