Кvitkovskiy V. Building in the Saltov forest-steppe population on the Siverskyi Donets basin at the end of the 1st millennium AD

The thesis is dedicated to the complex research of building of the Saltov population in the forest-steppe Siverskyi Donets stream. The sources, which illustrate building of the Saltov forest-steppe population, are divided into two non-equivalent groups: writing and archaeological ones. Ethnographic data serve a substantial addition to the latter group. The main source used for the investigation of the Saltov construction is remnants of residential, manufactory and household buildings and pits found during the excavations. 686 of these buildings and pits were discovered on 15 settlement sites of the Saltov culture located on the forest-steppe basin of Siverskyi Donets river. Analysis of natural-geographical conditions allowed to find out that in the forest-steppe basin of the Siverskyi Donets, the main building materials used by ancient constructors were available in sufficient quantity. Wood, clay and stone were used, but the principal building material was wood. Investigation of building tools found on the Saltov sites of the region allows to claim about the significant level in timbering and joinery development. The instruments used in building fall into agricultural implements and woodworking tools. The investigated manufactory buildings are represented by both separate buildings and the ones, which combined the functions of a dwelling and a workshop. They are characterized by the remainings or traces of manufactory constructions: forges, pits for potter’s wheel installation or other facilities. By functional use, household buildings are divided into barns, cookhouses, for supply preservation, vaults, and buildings of a general utility function. Similar to household buildings, household pits found on the settlements fall into 3 groups in dependence to their functions: the ones for supply preservation, vaults, and the ones of a general purpose.