Hudz N. Pharmacognostic study of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) and yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.)

A comprehensive pharmacognostic study of leaves and yacon bulbi (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.) and stevia leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) has been studied for the first time. It was found that the investigated objects contain amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty and organic acids, including ascorbic, volatile compounds, substances of phenolic nature (hydroxycoric acids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, coumarins), macro and microelements. The inulin has been identified in the leaves, root tubers and the bark of root tubers of yacon, its quantitative content has been determined by the method of gas-liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry, and the quantitative content of the fructans is determined by the spectrophotometric method in these objects. Systematic morphological and anatomical study of leaves and root tubers of yacon and leaves of stevia has been conducted for the first time; their macro- and microdiagnostic features has been established. The projects of Quality Control Technique on new medicinal plant raw materials of Yacon leaves, Yacon root tubers and Stevia leaves have been developed. The optimum technology for obtaining substances is developed: a dense extract from the root tuber of yacon, a dry extract from the leaves of stevia and a combined thick extract of yacon and stevia. Pharmacological studies of the dense extract from the root tuber of yacon, the dry extract from the leaves of stevia and the dense combined extract of yacon and stevia have shown the presence of hypoglycemic activity in them. Acute toxicity of the dense combined extract of yacon and stevia has been determined, it has been established that it belongs to the classification of K. K. Sydorov to the class V toxicity – practically nontoxic substances (LD50> 5000 mg / kg). Histomorphological studies have confirmed the pancreatic protective activity of the investigated extracts. The project of methods of quality control of Yacon and Stevia Combined Dense Extract is developed