Meshref R. Change of the buffer properties of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition due to cultivation by structural amelioration

Object – processes, which have an impact on the changes of buffer, physical, physical and chemical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition under the usage of different ameliorants with high absorption properties. Purpose – to determine changes of buffer properties and their patterns of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition due to cultivated by structural amelioration. Methods - field, laboratory-model, laboratory-analytical, calculation-comparative and mathematical-statistical. Theoretical results – positive impact on the acid-base equilibrium of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition due to cultivation was theoretically summarized and scientifically proved. It is shown in the optimization of pH-buffer properties, decreasing of acidity, increasing of calcium activity and optimization of lime potential. It was proved that cultivation of sod-podzolic soils by structural ameliorants with high absorption properties had a positive effect on their physical properties, first of all on their granulometric composition and moisture-retention capacity. An important role of creating spatial heterogeneity in sod-podzolic soils of the light granulometric composition is determined, which is achieved by local application of ameliorants by strips in the underlying layer of soils. It is confirmed that in local zones created in soil there is a positive development of cultural process in the direction of achieving optimal levels of pH, increasing nutrient content and accumulation of organic matter. Practical results – they are consist in the improvement and scientific argumentation of the recommendations concerning assortment and application of ameliorants with high absorption properties. They are based on the revealing the differentiated influence on the fertility and productivity of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition. Cultivation of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition by structural amelioration increases crop yield of agricultural crops in the aftereffect and it has great practical significance. The results of the research became a part of the scientific-methodical publication “Methodology of quick diagnostics of natural and anthropogenic influence on the functional sustainability of acid soils”. Novelty – for the first time the positive influence of ameliorants with high absorption properties on the change of physical parameters (moisture retention capacity, field moisture content and granulometric composition) of sod-podzolic soils was investigated, which also contributed to the improvement of their buffer properties; For the first time a comparative estimation of the change in buffer indices of sod-podzolic soils under the influence of ameliorants with high absorption properties was given; An important role of creating spatial heterogeneity in sod-podzolic soils of the light granulometric composition is determined, which is achieved by local application of meliorants by strips in the underlying layer of soils; It is confirmed that in local zones created in soil there is a positive development of anthropogenic (cultural) process in the direction of achieving optimal levels of pH, increasing nutrient content and accumulation of organic matter; Improvement of the basic fertility indices of sod-podzolic soils of light granulometric composition due to structural melioration for three years; the high efficiency of the use of structural meliorants on joint and sandy sod-podzolic soils is determined. Implementation – main results of thesis were implemented on the lands of Kolky specialized school in Manevitskiy district, Volinska region in 2018 on the area of 5 hа. Materials of thesis were used in studying process of master degree in Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchayev, speciality 201 «Agronomy» while teaching disciplines «Agrochemistry and soil science» and «Expert evaluation of soils». The field is agriculture.