Qualifying scientific work is devoted to the actual issues of improving the organic technology of spinach cultivation in the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The work summarizes the effectiveness of innovative technology elements and finds new approaches to growing spinach using new varieties, observing optimal plant sowing dates, and selecting absorbents for open and closed soil, which is very relevant for spreading, establishing adaptive varieties and improving the elements of organic spinach cultivation technology.
An ecological and biometric estimation of the growth and development of spinach plants grown for different periods of sowing and the creation of conveyor plant growing in open soil showed that the plants passed phases of growth faster than sowing in the early stages. So, harvesting the green mass of plants of the Matador and Malachite varieties of this variant occurred at 31-33 days, which was 2 days earlier than harvesting from control plants.
The area of leaves of one plant increased, but the total area of leaves per unit area of such crops decreased. That is why in the early days of plant sowing the total area of leaves increased.
It is proved that with the application of early planting dates, the yield of spinach also increased. The highest yield was obtained in the Krasen Polissya and Malachite varieties in the early stages of sowing – 22,8 – 24,2 t/ha, while in the late – 20,6 – 21,6 t/ha, which makes it possible to additionally obtain high-quality products of 1,4 – 5,0 t/ha. It has been established that there is a strong positive correlation between the weight of the plant and the number of leaves (r = 0,98), the yield of the commercial green spinach and the weight of one plant or the mass of the collected green one plant (r = 0,91).
The use of absorbents from Maximarin for growing spinach contributed to its faster germination, increased plant growth and development, and resulted in an increase in yields of commodity products by 2,0-6,1 t/ha and an increase in chemical composition.
Growing commercial products of spinach varieties is profitable and provides high economic efficiency and a high bioenergy rating. The best indicators of economic efficiency were characterized by the Krasen Polissya variety in the early sowing terms in the 3rd decade of April and 2nd december of May - 42182 and 40877 UAH / ha, Malachite variety - 46672 and 43573 UAH / ha. The level of profitability of cultivating the Krasen Polissya variety is 79-86%, Keb - 3.1-3.3, Malachite grade - 87-93%, Kbe - 3.4-3.5.
The use of absorbents in open ground for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit for making the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel and the company Eco - with small granules, and in the Krasen Polissya variety - 51859 and 50467 UAH/ha, in the Malachite variety for introduction the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel 46782 UAH / ha and the company Eco absorbent with potassium - 37822 UAH/ha. Profitability for the Matador variety has reached 75%, Malachite grade - 69-75%, Keb - 3,0-3,2.
It was established that in the closed ground application of the drug Maximarin in the form of gel and granules for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit, which was Matador 73900 and 72600 UAH / ha, in the Malachite variety for the introduction of gel 103300 UAH / ha and granules - 101,900 UAH/ha. Profitability for the use of drugs for the Matador variety reached 84-77%, Malachite - 118-116 %, the bioenergy efficiency ratio - 3,0-3,3.
