Kucherenko D. Development and optimization of a glutamate-sensitive biosensor for the needs of medicine and food quality control

The dissertation is devoted to the development of amperometric glutamate-sensitive biosensor and to the creation of their laboratory prototype, as well as its use for the study of glutamate transport processes in isolated rat nerve terminals and for measuring glutamate content in food products. The basic analytical characteristics of the biosensor have been investigated and optimized. The effect of parameters of the working buffer (pH, ionic strength, buffer capacity) and different storage conditions on the functioning of the biosensor has been studied. After developing and optimizing the biosensor's work, a methodological approach was developed for analyzing the concentrations of glutamate in samples of isolated nerve terminals of rat brain. The initial rate of capture and the level of glutamate accumulation were determined with the use of a biosensor and radio-labeled glutamate. A method for analyzing the efficiency of glutamate release from synaptosomes based on a glutamate-sensitive biosensor is proposed and results are confirmed using several standard methods. Measurements of glutamate concentrations in food products, such as soy sauces and seasonings, were also carried out using the biosensor. A spectrophotometric method for the glutamate determination was used as a control method. The correlation coefficient was: R2 = 0,989.