Vitchenko D. Patterns of Ukrainian originality in the legacy of the Kharkiv architectural school of the first third of the XXth century: sources and features of rehabilitation

The thesis is devoted to determining the sources and peculiarities of application of the patterns of Ukrainian identity in the legacy of the Kharkiv architectural school of the first third of the XXth century. That was used as an instrument for its rehabilitation. The concept of "pattern of Ukrainian identity" was defined as a template of the formation of an architectural object with signs of Ukrainian identity, that was made on the basis of hierarchical elements of traditional prototypes. The method of research was developed. The preconditions and factors of using Ukrainian identity prototypes in the legacy of the representatives of Kharkiv Architectural School were determined. The ideology of national development was defined as a socio-cultural basis of appealing to popular patterns in the Ukrainian architecture of the early XXth century. The movement for national revival in Ukraine became a prerequisite of using the features of Ukrainian originality by Kharkiv architects in 1902–1917. The Ukrainianization process in the USSR in the 1920s was the factor of its further development. As a result of the ideological pressure of the avant-guard in 1927–1932, the features of Ukrainian originality in architecture obtained regional peculiarities. Because of the dominating of the tendencies of historicism in the USSR architecture after 1932, Ukrainian original features were reduced to the decorative art. The state of the heritage of the Kharkov architectural school with patterns of Ukrainian originality of the first third of the XX century was examined. Stages of authenticity loss of this heritage were determined. The current state of research objects was analyzed. Firstly, the criteria of the value of researched objects was their sociocultural and historical significance, their belonging to the creative heritage of the authors – recognized figures of national culture, and only secondly was the preservation of authenticity. The hierarchical system of elements of the patterns of Ukrainian identity as a subject of the object's protection was determined. The features of rehabilitation of objects of this heritage are revealed.