Paslavskyi M. Improvement of normative quality assurance of compound landscape complexes functioning

The thesis is devoted to improvement of the normative quality assurance of functioning of compound landscape complexes in the Dniester Precarpathian. Based on the literature review, it is determined that in the most general form of solving the problem of environmental regulation is reduced to the analysis of relationships and dependencies in the system "anthropogenic load - condition of the biota - quality of the ecosystem". Installed CLC environmental quality evaluation must should be based on assessment of the stability of specific environmental systems to specific external (including technogenic) impacts and loads on the basis of ISO standards 9000, 10000, 14000 and Ukrainian legislation. The concept of "reliability" for the CLC - fundamental properties of biological objects that determines their existence and effective functioning of randomly varying environmental conditions and in time. The conceptual scheme of the CLC compartment with its subsystems and tiers is proposed, and the effect of the failure occurring at the lower level of the hierarchy of the system is traced. Improve the reliability of proven biological systems with increasing hierarchy, allowing you to build a highly reliable system from unreliable elements. According to the materials of the field researches, the accumulation of pollutants and sediments was estimated; distribution of technogenic radionuclides in subsystems of biological compartment of CLC; the method of complex estimation of the protective efficiency of CLC on the basis of mathematical modeling of the rates of individual reactions of formation and removal of substances in the system is proposed, and the levels of ranking of CLC on the ratio of protective efficiency to anthropogenic influence are introduced. It is determined that the central concept of a compound landscape complex is a compartment, which is exposed to environmental stress by the abiotic nature and anthropogenic factors and is characterized by the parameters of reliability, protective efficiency and stability. It is established that the limit loads are found by allocating the critical points of the curve dose → effect constructed for all the main and correlative variables that naturally change with the gradient of contamination.