The problem of solid waste management is one of the most acute in Ukraine and urgent in the world. It is characterized by the positive dynamics of increasing the volume of solid waste generation and their accumulation in the environment. This is due to the scale of consumption of primary raw materials, the existing structure of production, commercial activity, low culture of the population, outdated technologies and outdated waste management funds, lack of adequate response of governmental structures to the uncomfortable habitat of the population.
The problem of anthropogenic environmental impact on the quality of sanitary cleaning of the city has long been interested in economic, ecological, sanitary-epidemiological and economic directions, but very little research is being conducted in the direction of solving the problem on the urban side and almost all methodological questions remain gave impetus to devote work to the socio-urban development direction.
Sanitary cleaning of a residential area is a holistic organizational-technological spatial oriented system, a component of the functional-planning structure of a city, town planning organization whose purpose is to improve the ecological status and improve the comfort and quality of life of the population. The method of determining organizational and technological means of the system of sanitation of the territory depending on the population, morphological composition and the requirements to the transport of household waste is proposed, as well as a method of evaluating the effectiveness of making the decision on the location of primary collection points on the territory of residential buildings that provides the maximum possible level of comfort for the population within technological and planning limits. The proposed sequence (model) of making a design decision on the organization of the system of collection and location of primary points at the pre-project stages of development of urban planning documentation in terms of reconstruction or new construction, taking into account the volume and morphological structure of household waste in their places of formation, that located in the primary collection point affected area, technological and planning restrictions, assessment of the level of comfort of the decision made on placing the household waste primary collection point will provide an opportunity to program computer-aided design, as this model can be used as terms of reference for programming startup.
The research was performed for the first technological level, further directions in the topic of scientific research of the urban planning system of sanitary purification are opened for the second and third technological level in the system of sanitary purification. There is a need to take a holistic approach to the implementation of a mandatory project to sanitize the city at three technological levels.
Sanitary requirements for primary collection points for underground and vacuum collection methods are recommended to investigate as their environmental impact and the distance from collection points to windows of residential, public buildings and landscaping facilities (sites in the adjoining territory) are not normalized and impact studies the environment was not conducted.
Keywords: primary collection point, municipal solid waste, planning module, functional planning unit, city sanitation, residential areas, planning block, planning center, functional zone, work zone, impact zone, pedestrian accessibility, site, container, container system of sanitary cleaning, terrestrial, underground, vacuum way of collecting household waste.
