The thesis is devoted to solving acute scientific problem of the urgent surgery abdominal organs - improving the results of treatment patients with acute appendicitis by perfecting methods of targeted antibiotic therapy. Appendicitis is an urgent surgical disease, the frequency of which in Ukraine ranges from 13,8-31,1 per 10,000 population (Usenko O.Y. et al., 2016, Mishalov V.G. et al., 2016, Kvit A.D. et al., 2015). Frequency of appendectomy in general surgery clinics is 30-35%. Postoperative mortality is in the range of 0,1-0,5%, and in the presence of complications increases from 3-5% to 10% (Butyrskii A.G. et al., 2018, Maistrenko N.A. et al., 2017, Sovtsov S.A., 2016, Zhuchenko O.P., 2016, Bhullar J.S. et al., 2013). The inflammation of appendix during its progression is accompanied by purulent-inflammatory complications, including appendicular infiltrate, local abscesses of the abdominal cavity, peritonitis, and pylephlebitis. In addition, the postoperative period can be complicated by purulent processes of the abdominal cavity, postoperative wounds, complications from other organs and systems. Listed purulent-septic processes for their treatment and prevention require the use of antibacterial drugs, sometimes a combination of them. Even so, significantly improve the situation does not seem possible. The author has suggested that the cause of this situation is insufficient intake of the antibiotic in the ileocecal zone, including the appendix due to impaired blood and lymph flow in the area. Research the accumulation of ceftriaxone in the appendix homogenate after surgical removal on the laboratory test culture of Escherichia coli, specifically its growth inhibition, author found that after intravenous injection in 1 hour inhibition zone was 16,9±0,9 mm, and after injection of the drug after 2 hours, the inhibition zone was 8,32±1,0 mm, which is not enough to destroy the pathogen. With the lymphotropic injection of the drug 1 hour before the operation, the inhibition zone was 16,07±0,63 mm, and 2 hours 29,4±0,8 mm, which was equivalent to the action of a pure antibiotic. The effectiveness of lymphotropic antibiotic injection has been confirmed by clinical practice: suppuration of the postoperative wound was found less frequently in the main group than in the comparison group 3 times, postoperative wound infiltrate - less than 4,2 times, ligature fistula - 3,2 times.
