Sipakov R. Improving the management of environmental risk from air pollution on the highways of urban areas (on the example of Kyiv)

Atmospheric air pollution in urban areas due to the increase in the number of mobile sources of motor pollution that run on gasoline and diesel fuel has gained considerable scale in recent years. Recently, in large industrial cities around the world and, in particular, in Ukraine, as a result of air pollution, such a negative phenomenon as the formation of photochemical smog has become more frequent. The main factors and mechanism of smog formation, incl. over the city of Kiev have not been studied enough to date. And although the mechanism of smog formation, which was considered in the works of some authors is identical for the atmospheric air of large cities, the indicator of urban photochemical pollution in each case is chosen differently and depends on a number of factors in the area, primarily weather conditions, pollutants and the like. The dissertation research is devoted to the issue of environmental risk management in urban areas with secondary air pollution by formaldehyde from vehicles. In this study, we propose a calculation scenario where the level of risk is determined depending on the concentration of formaldehyde molecules that are formed in the air as a result of photochemical transformations under constant weather conditions. To determine the concentration of secondary formaldehyde contamination, a mathematical model is proposed, which consists of two interconnected blocks: dynamic and kinetic. The first block of the model is based on the theory of convective jet from a warm surface and allows to obtain the parameters of the polluted dome of air, which is formed above the highway overpass. Depending on the parameters of the area of the road junction and meteorological conditions, the system of obtained equations of the dynamic block of the model allows to obtain the total amount of hydrocarbon emissions depending on the number of vehicles that are simultaneously on the overpass. We also obtain the concentration of hydrocarbons in the narrowest section of the contaminated jet.