The autor analysed the main points of recovery women of the first period of adulthood in the process activity of health fitness in this dissertation. Conclusions are drawn that for raising the potency of the rehabilitation process of women by fitness it is expedient to introduce individual approach based on the dynamics of individual psychophysical parameters in different phases of ovarian-menstrual cycle (OMC).
Author investigated this issue by examining levels of functional and physical fitness, indicators of the psycho-emotional state of women aged 21–25 that were engaged basic aerobics, pilates and stretching separately in each group. The study showed differences in the indicators of the psychophysical condition of women that were revealed in different phases of OMC. To achieve the potency of health classes’ fitness, it is advisable to individualize the training programme that basis on selection optimal parameters of physical activity in accordance with the phases of the OMC with the predominant use of various types of fitness.
The author has developed the experimental program based on individualization fitness classes for women 21–25 years with the use basic aerobics, pilates and stretching according to the phases ovarian-menstrual cycle. In the postmenstrual and post-ovulate phases of the cycle, which are favorable for use physical high-intensity loads and the development of most physical qualities, author recommended to use basic aerobics. In this activity contain a power load with using weights. Duration of this activity amount to 80 minutes and based on basic aerobics. Heart’s frequency in the main part of the activity ranged from 90 to 160 bpm-1, at the peak of the load for 13–15 minuts heart rate contractions ranged from 140 to 160 bpm-1. Exercise during activity were mainly aerobic (35%), strength (25%) and dance (20%), stretching exercises were used (10%) and figure correction (10%). For women that were in ovulate phase, in accordance with the relative reduction of adaptive capability, was recommended pilates, mainly corrective action.
Conclusions are drawn that the use of the suggested author's program significantly contributed to the improvement of all studied indicators in compared to traditional programs. Thanks to the author's program and an adequate approach to the planning of physical activity in different phases of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, a positive impact on the quality of life of women according to the method of N.E. Vodopyanova was determined. On the total scale "Quality of Life Index" in EG the result improved by 7,5points (p<0,01), in CG by 4,06 points, but was unreliable (p>0,05). Comparative analysis of indicators of the dominant mental state according to the method of L.V.Kulikov showed that EG women have a more active attitude to life situations. Positive changes occurred in all studied indicators (p<0,05–0,01) except for the indicator “Positive-negative self-image” (p>0,05), while in women CG there was a tendency to improve, but the results were inaccurate (p>0,05). The proposed program contributed to the formation of positive emotions, increased motivation for regular exercise, and as a result significantly improved the level of physical fitness of women EG. Thus, statistically significant differences occurred in terms of indicators: shuttle running 4×9 m, long jump from the ground, lifting the torso to the side for 1 min from a supine position, flexion and extension of the arms in a supine position, torso tilt from a sitting position, grip bent arms behind the back, a set of exercises for coordination of movements, Romberg's test (p<0,05–0,001). While in women CG these indicators had a positive trend, but they were unreliable (p>0,05), except for the rate of lifting the torso to the side for 1 min. from a supine position (p<0,05).
The results of the comparison suggest that the construction of fitness programs which basis on individual-differentiated approach has a more productive effect on morphofunctional indicators, indicators of physical fitness and psycho-emotional condition of women in the experimental group. In general, the results of the formative experiment indicate the effectiveness of our programme to individualize fitness activity to improve the psychophysical condition of women, which can be recommended and implemented in the training process of women of the first period of adulthood.
