Vernyhorenko O. Futurism in the Ukrainian cultural space of the first half of the twentieth century.

The dissertation considers the transformation of European futurism as a cultural-philosophical and literary-artistic direction and its influence on the phenomenon of futurism in the Ukrainian cultural environment. As a result of the conducted research the newest methodological use of the general scientific category of evolution which has not only natural-scientific but also socio-humanitarian application is substantiated. Theoretical and methodological principles of changes in the forms of self-expression of European futurism are systematically analyzed in the study of manifestos of futurism, clarification and evaluation of their impact on the formation and development of Russian and Ukrainian futuristic trends. The originality of the phenomenon of Ukrainian futurism is analyzed in a single cultural and historical context of the first half of the twentieth century. Its influence on the cultural development of the European region and modern world significance and distribution is considered. The conceptual provisions of the work are considered and substantiated on the material of Russian futurism in the forms of arrogant language and forms of original futuristic literary-poetic language experimentation in the works of Ukrainian futurists Mykhail Semenko, Geo Shkurupiy, Mykola Bazhan, etc. It is shown that the transformation of Ukrainian futurism is associated with the influence of socio-political and socio-historical factors, among which the key was the pressure of the Soviet government on the Ukrainian cultural environment. The causes of appearance and external and internal invariants of the development of futurism in the Ukrainian cultural space of the early twentieth century are studied. As a result of the study of the outline of the national cultural space of the beginning of the last century, the main factors that contributed to the emergence of futurism in Ukraine were identified, namely: significant political changes that manifested themselves in revolutions alongside cultural changes; the beginning of the century, which coincides with the beginning of a new cultural era; traditionalism in culture, characterized by the decline of creative and spiritual ideals; creativity of artists, which no longer reflects the cultural needs of modern society; political fragmentation of the country, caused by both foreign and domestic political factors, which contributed to the multi-vector visions and implementation of artistic trends. Internal and external invariants of futurism development in Ukraine are singled out and structured. In particular, among the internal ones we note: the ideas of domestic innovative art, which were based on the thematic renewal of literary and artistic works; identification of the language issue as the basis around which the construction of domestic futurism took place; the idea of building a dialogue between the author and the reader as a factor in the spread of futurism. Accordingly, external invariants are forms of embodiment of futuristic literary and literary works, as well as the ideas of individual representatives of futuristic literary and artistic groups that have undergone transformational changes under the influence of external factors (disbelief in the development of futurism as a direction, ideological pressure, etc.). The creative figure of Mykhailo Semenko as a starting point of transformational processes in Ukrainian futurism is considered. The application of the concept of proto-language for the implementation of culturological analysis of poetic and philological experiments of Russian and Ukrainian futurists is substantiated. The concept of proto-language proposed in the dissertation allows to reveal the universalist nature of the phenomenon of futurism, to use the possibilities of such a methodological approach to understand the significant differences in the formation of separate national language structures in the European and Euro-Slavic region. In the context of the author's argument, for the first time it is proposed to consider France as a country near the cultural and historical origins of futurism.