The dissertation deals with theoretical and experimental investigations of individual experience in a system of modern psychology conceptions. It consists of three sections where historical and methodological-categorical aspects of human experience are successively analyzed; a structural-dynamic organization of individual experience is theoretically and experimentally investigated; a character of experience transformations over a transitional period of time in modern society is studied in detail. The manuscript opens with a critical re-examination of the philosophical and psychological doctrines of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, Renaissance, sensual approach by John Locke, views of the direct experience by W.Wundt, a place of experience in pragmatism theories, humanistic psychology and works written by Soviet psychologists. Necessity of changing the scientific paradigm "sensitive - sensible" for that of "experience - vital activity" is shown. A methodological base of the investigations is principles of th e systematic approach, subjectness of individual experience. A categorical space of individual experience is studied, considering vital activity to be a patrimonial term for the experience; the latter plays the role of a verwandelte Form with respect to the former. Also, a one-level conception of man's life and derivative conceptions of social, personality and mnemonic substructures which in their aggregate provide self-development of the individual and regulation of his or her interrelations with the external world in the continuum of the Past, Present and Future are investigated. A system-forming factor of organizing and functioning of the experience is an appraisal orientation of the individual to achieve an optimum result in his or her vital activity. Thus we can trace three basic successive planes of the considerations of psychological co-ordinates of individual experience: theoretical-methodological, general psychological and applied special psychological levels. The basic section of dissertation is dev oted to theoretical and experimental studies of structural-dynamic organizations of the social, personality and mnemonic components of the experience. Whole numbers of earlier unknown structural-dynamic characteristics of individual experience are exposed. Using a great number of experimental data, it is shown that any social experience is defined by the aggregate of the events of interactions with the surrounding people; it provides a process, a character, an estimation and a regulation of contacts with other people, a social exchange and orientation in the given social environment. Its basic characteristics are an interpersonal space, a space of social-psychological stereotypes, and a statistical distinction (an individual uniqueness). The personality experience is defined by the aggregate of constant estimating himself or herself, other people, and the surrounding world, which leads to forming subjective scales and interpretation complexes. Its basic characteristics are a system of estimating himself or he rself as a kind of value, estimating other people using a parameter of compatibility with the subject of the experience, estimating the surrounding world as a value of its separate aspects. The mnemonic experience is defined by the aggregate of the accumulated and integrated traces of any information coming in during lifetime with the purpose of stabilizing conditions of the individual's vital activity. Its basic characteristics are operative long-time, biographical and historical memories connected in a stage manner. As a part of the biographical memory, a retro-memory phenomenon is chosen as one corresponding to a period of the highest life activity of the individual, which is characterized by high emotional saturation with recollections and nostalgic feelings. The final section analyzes peculiarities of the transformation processes under conditions of the integration and the simultaneous competition between elements of the old and the new experience. As a phenomenon of transforming the social experience, a conception of the new social status is considered as the totality of estimations made by the individual with respect to himself or herself, being formed in society as ideas of the modern social values and norms. Its main normative characteristics are possible achievements in material, subjective and spiritual spheres of vital activity. A bimodality phenomenon turns out to be the most interesting in the aspect of transforming personality experience; it consists in simultaneous accepting and non-contradictory keeping of two opposite opinions, judgements, directions, positions as a manner of adaptation to very quick changes in conditions of vital activity over a transitional period of time.
