Dmytruk Y. Biogeochemystry of the soil cover of the natural anthropogenous ecosystems of the Western-Ukrainian territory and Ukrainian Carpathian mountains

Object -ecobiogeochemical soils status of the natural and anthropogenous ecosystems. The purpose - development of the theory of the soil cover biogeochemistry and estimation methods of ecobiochemical status and migratory structure of soils of the natural and anthropogenous ecosystems on the basis of the fundamental biogeochemistry concepts, and also the soil cover stability as the bases of stable ecosystems. Methods - methodological basis of researches are the concept of stable development as the paradigm of state politics in 21 century and modern conceptual ideas of soil science, ecology, biogeochemistry, landscape researches. The system analysis of ecobiogeochemical status of the biogeocenosis was carried out with use of stationary-field, comparative geographical, historical geographical, landscape geochemical, soil geochemical zoning, mathematical statistical, laboratory-analytical methods with modeling on the base of geographic information system. Theoretical results - on the basis of development of the theory of the biogeochemical analysis of a soil cover of ecosystems are offered new definitions: ecobiogeochemical status and paedomigratory structure; the theoretical approaches for optimization of regional and local ecobiogeochemical characteristics of ecosystems are developed, the concept of historical paedogeochemical analysis for an estimation of time dynamics of the chemical elements contents is substantiated; the bases of agricultural ecosystems classification under the features of ecobiogeochemical soils status are created; is offered the realization of cartographical modeling on the basis of synthetic indexes: soils saturation by chemical elements and migratory. Practical results - are developed new methods of ecobiogeochemical analysis, which allow to realize quantitative estimation of ecobiogeochemical status and migratory processes in biogeocenosis soils; is substantiate the management of local and regional monitoring of ecosystems on the basis of the created the cartographical models; the account algorithm of the background paedobiogeochemical structure of geoecosystem is established; on the basis of the system analysis of the paleohorizons the peculiar properties of time trend of heavy metals contents are detected; the theoretical and methodological bases of ecobiogeochemical soils analysis are offered for use in educational process of profile High Schools, and technique - for scientific researches and predication models building. Novelty - are extended the theory of the ecobiogeochemical analysis of natural and anthropogenous ecosystems on the basis of the estimation of ecobiogeochemical status and paedomigration structure; is shown the necessity of paedocentrist approach at study of biogeocenosis both the background and anthropogenous changed regions; the new methods and methodology for ecobiogeochemical analysis are used; the possible spatial level of ecobiogeochemical characteristic of ecosystems is proved: for mountain - local (area), for flat - regional (region); for the first time for Ukraine is elaborated the algorithm of classification and ecopaedogeochemical zoning of agricultural ecosystems, that has allowed to allocate the soil areas with the problem contents of chemical elements and on this basis to carry out the monitoring of the its qualitative condition. Degree of application - the procedures of ecobiogeochemical researches of biogeocenosis soils and the cartographical models of ecobiogeochemical status of the Prut-Dniestr and Precarpathian heights are used by State department of ecology and natural resources in Chernovtsy region for monitoring and forecast of the ecosystems ecological condition; the offered indexes and estimation scale for the ecobiogeochemical status of agricultural ecosystems are used by the Main directorate of agroindustrial development of Chernovtsy regional state administration for revealing the areas, in which use the microfertilizers under cultures of their heightened removal will be maximum effective and for monitoring of the qualitative condition of agricultural production; the theoretical and methodological bases of ecobiogeochemical analysis are used in educational process of the faculty of soil science and organization of the use of land in Chernovtsy national university named after Yuriy Fedkovich. The field is scientific-educational and nature protection.