The object - reconstructive restorative operations (RRO) and technique of theirs carrying out with using new methods of intestinal continuity renewal (ICR); goal – to improve direct, remote and functional results of RRO, quality of life and medical-social rehabilitation of the patients with ileo- and colostomae due to differentiated approach to selection of optimum terms, types, extent of RRO, development of new and improvement of present surgical procedures, complex prophylaxis of postoperative complications; Methods – clinical, instrumental, endoscopic, histological, immunological, immunohistochemical, statistical; Novelty – for the first time it gives proof of optimum terms of RRO on the basis of condition disconnect parts of colon studying by force of carrying out morphometric investigations of the patients with stomae operated for cancer, trauma and diverticulosis of the colon. It gives proof of the possibility of acute attack or remission prognosis for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) on the basis of clinical, biochemical, immunological correlation of blood indexes and depending on these results to make a decision about possibility of RRO carrying out or on the contrary refuse from it. It also gives scientific proof of the necessity of differentiated approach to surgical technique selection for patients with CD and UC depending on process localization, severity of inflammation in affected intestine, immunological status of the patients. For the first time complex of conservative treatment for patients with nonspecific inflammatory disease of colon with stomae depending on type of operation carried out at the first stage of treatment is worked out. The new approach to ICR to patients with short stump of rectum depending on variants of its location and topographo-anatomical interrelation with the next organs is worked out; Results and conclusions – optimal terms of ICR with CD and UC are 4-5 months and as minimum 1 month since occurrence of remission, with colon trauma – 2,5-3 months, with colon cancer – 5-7,5 months, colon diverticulosis – 3,5-4 months. Immunodisfunction of the patients with CD, which manifests by lymphocyte’s expression level CD3 and CD4 receptors decreasing, increasing CD95 и DR, increasing lymphocyte’s quantity which carries marker to apoptosis CD95 indicates the possibility of their using as essential criteria for acute attack of disease prognosis. Using of miniinvasive endovideosurgical methods of RRO decreased the percentage of postoperative complications from 15,8% to 6,9 % and terms of medical rehabilitation. Introduction of new methods of intestinal pouches with rectum demucosation after total colectomy of UC patients improved the functional results of RRO (stool frequency are decreased in 2,5 times, nocturnal incontinence in 3 times). It is improved direct RRO results of the UC patients (postoperative complications are decreased from 12,4% to 7,2%, lethality – from 6,3% to 3,1% ), CD patients (postoperative complications are decreased from 26,1 % до 11,7 %, lethality – from 0,8 % to 5,8 %), patients after Hartmann’s operation (early postoperative complications are decreased from 19,5 % to 8,4 % and late postoperative complications are decreased from 7,3 % to 3,6 %), patients after Hartmann’s type operation (postoperative complications are decreased from 9,8 % to 4,3 %, lethality – from 7,1 % to 3,4 %) and patients with two-barrel stoma and loop colo- or ileostoma (postoperative complications are decreased from 6,3 % to 3,8 %, lethality – from 7,6 % to 0,8 %).;branch-medicine.; it is inculcated - in medical practices, in an educational process; the sphere is a medicine.
