Filatova O. Psychosocial disadoptation at patients surdomutism (the mechanism of formation, clinical variants and psychotherapy)

On the basis of the system interdisciplinary integrative approach the actual scientific problem of psychosocial disadoptation at patients' surdomutism has been solved in kind of infringement of family functioning and phenomenon of existential crisis. It is established three clinical variants of matrimonial disadoptation: constitu-tional, as consequence of a delay psychosocial somatosexual development, commu-nicative (the surdogenetic and conflict forms), connected with the basic disease and interpersonal dialogue of spouses and disinformation, owing to insufficient or erro-neous knowledge of spouses in questions psychological hygiene of a sexual life. The phenomenon of the existential as a demonstration of internal imbalance among im-portance of actual problem, impossibility of its resolution by means of the former re-sources and impossibility of its refusal in a view of personal significance. It's been proved that existential crisis always appears against the background of a permanent existential anxiety. There have been picked out four stages of its course ("initial growth of tension", "hyperactivity", "mobilization of resources", "behavioral disor-ganization") and three types of nonadaptive copying-strategies in case of psychologi-cal impasse occurrence ("escape into illness", "social autoisolation mechanism", and "virtualization"). There have been explored the main factors that decrease psychic resistance of the people that suffer from surdomutism. The differentiated system of psychotherapy neurotic, psychosomatic and sexual frustration, infringements of family functioning which consists of three stages (nar-rative interview, rational psychotherapy in existential arrangement with elements of monastically associated techniques of family therapy with its sexual-behavioral train-ing) is developed, scientifically proved general principles of the primary, secondary and tertiary preventive maintenance infringements of family functioning and occurrence of existential crisis at patients surdomutism. Keywords: surdomutism, psychosocial disadoptation, psychosexual development, existential crisis, psychotherapy, preventive maintenance.