The investigation object: pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. The investigation goal: To clarify cellular and humoral, specific and nonspecific immune mechanisms of inflammation chronization. Methods of research: pathophysiological, histological, histochemical, cytological, immunohistochemical, ELISA, statistical investigative techniques were used. Theoretical and practical significance of the obtained results. The thesis is related to basic research. The results obtained broaden and deepen the existing understanding of the mechanisms of inflammation chronization. They can be used in scientific research and teaching in the pathophysiology and other medical sciences. We also show that the content of cytokines in blood serum can be used for early diagnosis of chronization of acute inflammation, as well as to differentiate between primary and secondary chronic, immune and non-immune chronic inflammation. A method for diagnosis of chronic inflammation based on the content of IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-? in peripheral blood is developed and patented (patent of Ukraine № 58513). These results will also be important for prevention and pathogenetic therapy of chronic inflammations. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: For the first time, a special comprehensive study on cellular and humoral, specific and nonspecific immune mechanisms of inflammation chronization was done. Regularities and peculiarities of morphofunctional, including immunohistochemical, changes in central (thymus) and peripheral (spleen) links the immune system and in the inflammatory focus, the content of marker cytokines of Th1-lymphocytes (IL-12, IFN-?) and Th2-lymphocytes (IL-4) in peripheral blood and the phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils were studies in different types of inflammation by etiology and progression, reflecting the process of chronization. It is shown that the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation is higher than in acute inflammation, and is associated with increased cell-specific immune responses, suppressor activity of lymphocytes, Th1-activity, production of IgE, IgG and IgM; weakening, compared with acute inflammation, of specific humoral and non-specific cellular immune responses, Th2-activity. The degree of implementation: Kharkiv National Medical University, N.I. Pirogov Vinnitsa National Medical University, Gorky Donetsk National Medical University, Odessa State Medical University, S.I. Georgievsky Crimea State Medical University, Lugansk State Medical University, I.Y. Gorbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Sumy State University.
