Zaluzhna A. The Life World of a Human as a Sense Universe of the Culture: Moral and Aesthetic Dimensions

The specifics of relationships of moral and aesthetic senses of the universe as a value-semantic universe of culture in existential modes of "truth-untruth" is defined in the dissertation. Moral and aesthetic underline of personal self-determination in the world in the context of human demention constants of the new ontological paradigm as well as anthropological outlook discourse of the representatives of Kiyv philosophical school connected with it. Semantic and value as well as intersubjective features of the universe as a human one, of the language and culture are determined. Semantic universality of moral and aesthetic outlook of world life of a human is determined in the new ontology problematic in the Ukrainian humanitaristics for the first time. In this context moral and aesthetic phenomena are considered as semantic field of the vitality of a man in the world of the culture able to ensure its unique quality and identity in meaning affirmative representations (existential mode of the truth) or to reveal the danger of negative and destructive ways of anesthetization of evil as well as menace of moralized and destructive tendencies of despotism (existential mode of the untruth). It was cleared up that the outlined unity is represented in the eventual realization Dasein in the fundamental ontology of Heidegger through the ontological connection of a man to the existence and care for it as well as poetic hearing and listening to the truth of the existence. In the value and hierarchical space of phenomenological axiology it is represented by the unite of values of Kindness and Beauty and tragic revelation of values by moral genuine (M. Sheller) and by the idea of aesthetic contemplation of "the dramatics of the life" needing the combination in the subject of the moral and aesthetic value (M. Gartman). In the phenomenology of the act of M. Bahtin it is represented on the base of actualization of the problem of architectonics of the act and its practical implementation in the art of verbal creativity of the polyphonic novel of F. Dostoevsky in the cut of the dialogue character of the equal value worlds of the characters. The connection of the human dimension projections of the new ontological paradigm as well as outlook and anthropological searches of the representatives of Kiyv philosophical school were analyzed. Eristic potential of the conceptual resource of the new ontology: eventuality, modes "truth-untruth", the sphere of values ideally belonged, responsible action, "non-alibi in the existence", dialogue character, which were represented by the problems of the outlook, experience, moral world attitude, dichotomy "I don't care - I care" on the native base. The outlook and anthropological grounds of spiritual and moral dimensions of the existence of a human in the world of the culture were analyzed in the academic studies of Kiyv philosophical school. The man dimension aesthetic phenomenon was researched and its rootness in the life processes in the philosophical searches of V. Ivanov (experience, aesthetic subject, motive, meaning) and of A. Kanarskiy (the dichotomy "I don't care - I care") was determined. It was found out that the moral and aesthetic antinomy of the life world of a human reveals itself in the forms of the aesthetism (naturalistic, immoralistic, neogedonistic) and moralistic (religious and legal, tyrannical, nihilistic). It was proved that the conflict of moral and aesthetic senses of the world life in the process of confrontational relationships causes self-sufficiency, degradation and destruction of each of them. Oriented to the self-sufficiency and self-expediency the aesthetism becomes the important determinant of the dangerous collision of the beauty and evil and abstraction of moral ideas of the moralism in the absolutasation of normative formalisation of life causes the contempt for freedom of moral subject and tragic negation of self-value of aesthetic as a whole. The revealed forms of moral and aesthetic controversy make the base of the all-round analysis of the phenomenon of aesthetism and morality causing the possibilities of expansion of their theoretical consideration. The outlined moral and aesthetic base of the existence of a human in the world accumulates in its depths the worth prospects of the free choice "be or not to be of oneself" in the situation of the lost of steady spiritual guides of the modern development of the culture.