Ataman Y. The role of general and local mechanisms in the development of Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis

The dissertation is devoted to the study of general and local pathogenetic mechanisms of Monckeberg's sclerosis. It was established that in persons of elderly and old age osteoporosis, extravascular ectopic calcification, diabetes, and hypertension were associated with radiological signs of Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis. Polymorphism of genes related to the ectopic calcification mechanisms was shown to be important for the development of Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis. The matrix Gla protein 4th exon Thr83Ala polymorphism was associated with radiological signs of the lower extremities arteries calcification in non-diabetic women of elderly and old age. It was proved that in rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes and in rats with high dosage streptozotocin diabetes energy supple of blood vessels was inhibited. This was manifested by the decrease in glucose and oxygen uptake, lactate production, and resynthesis of ATP. Such changes were accompanied by the reduction of ATP content and increasing AMP concentration in the arterial and venous walls. An experimental diabetes was characterized by accumulation of intermediate (lipid hydroperoxides) and end (Schiff base) products of lipid peroxidation, and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) in the tissues of blood vessels. It was also detected reduced ectonucleotidase activity and elevated activity of alkaline phosphatase. In rats with diabetes, microhardness and tearing force for femurs were reduced. Arterial calcification in elderly and old persons was accompanied by significant changes in the mechanical properties of vessels.