Demydenko O. Reproduction fertility of chernozems of the left-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

It is shown that the increase in degradation processes with heavy use of black soil typical of left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine reduces the water balance of the article: Incoming due to incomplete absorption by 25-35 % in winter precipitation and costly increases due to increase by 25-30 % physical evaporation, which leads to aridity soil conditions in the summer. The secondary carbonating of black soil layer loosens transitional horizons relative to parent rock, which is associated with increased structuring, and the water resistance of humus horizon and, consequently, reduce the density addition to 0,10-0,12 m thick g/cm3. Total porosity reaches values of 58-60 %, while plowing - 52-53 %. The use of subsurface treatment for 10-15 years contributes to increasing energy humus: on 8,75-10,2 % in the humus horizon and 15,5-16,5 % in the thickness of 70-120 cm. On-moderate black earth typical mediamarling use subsurface treatment for 25 years contributed to the resumption of energy reserves of humus in the humus horizon on 6,9-12,1 %, and in the transition (НРk) horizon - 16 % in the horizon Rhk (90-100 cm) - by 18-19 %. The type of organic fertilizer influences on emission of СО2 in ground layer: at the use of manure the typical interval of extrass makes 25-85 t, while at application of side products - 70-160 t. Effect of processing method on the black soil nitrogen and carbon cycle, its reduces to the fact that the subsurface loosening soil carbon balance was in a positively-growing compared with plowing. Interval of CO2 emissions in the surface layer of the atmosphere from the mineralization of humus and organic fertilizer when plowing varied over a wider range with respect to subsurface tillage. Keywords: agrocoenosis, humus, detritus, structure particles, gas re-press, productivity management, soil technology.