Kuts O. Theoretikal reasoning of prodaktivity of vegetable agrocenoses for optimization of plant nutrition in the Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

Object: biological processes in white cabbage, tomatoes, beet and their seedlings. Processes of reproduction of soil fertility and ecological stability of vegetable agrocenoses. Objective: theoretical substantiation of vegetable plant nutrition optimization in the agrocenoses of the Left Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods: field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Novelty: the scientific problem of increasing productivity of vegetable agrocenoses and reproduction of soil fertility has been solved. It is determined that after systematic joint use of organic and mineral fertilizers in vegetable crop rotation lasts up to 16 years. The positive influence on the increase of biological nitrogen fixation of chernozem soils of organo-mineral and organic fertilizer systems was revealed. The influence of microelements on growth processes of plants, formation of productive organs and qualitative indices of vegetable production are analyzed. Results: It was established that vegetable and forage crop rotation in combination with organo-mineral fertilizer systems guarantee reproduction of soil fertility: increase of humus by 0.4%, microbiological parameters and energy state of the soil against the background of growing yield by 37-52%. The soil-ecological index for various types of agrocenoses (vegetable, vegetable-fodder, vegetable-fodder biologized crop rotation) and power supply optimization systems have been calculated. The dependence of the yield of beets on the provision of soil with mobile phosphorus, represented by the regression equation, was established. For the first time, biologized tomato fertilizer systems have been developed on the basis of the complex use of straw or siderate and microbial preparations that contribute to the growth of microbiological activity of the soil, yields by 17% and the content of vitamin C in tomatoes. The main parameters of the system of use of complex fertilizers with macro- and microelements in vegetable growing technology have been established, which will guarantee the yield of tomato at the level of 42-46 t/ha, white-cabbage cabbage – 70-74 t/ha, beetroot– 63-65t/ha. Mechanisms for increasing the mobility of soil phosphates for vegetable and fodder crop rotation through the use of physiologically acid fertilizers have been developed. The levels of consumption of vegetable plant nutrients by different growing technologies. Degree of implementation: 5 monographs, 2 recommendations, 7 patents were issued. The research results are included in the national concepts and programs of the vegetable growing industry. Introduced at farms in the area of 123 hectares.