Cultural and genetic origins, follows the specifics of the formation of Ukrainians' dwelling in the Polissya region are analyzed. Based on ethnographic, archaeological, historical linguistic and other primary sources, a comprehensive analysis of the dwelling construction culture of Polischuk was carried out and the evolutionary processes associated with the emergence and development of its individual components were followed.
The main technique that was used during construction of the walls of dwelling was zrubna. This technique in the Polissya region has a rather long tradition. The material presented allows us to assert that in the Polissya territory this technique was already used by the carriers of one of the first prominent cultures - Zarubintsy (3rd century BC – 2nd century BC) and remained the main one in all subsequent periods - as long as to 21st century including.
Polissya's dwelling, as Slavic in general, developed on the basis of a one-chambered heated log kliti and a long-lasting development path to a two-, three- or more chamber. Due to specific natural-geographical conditions, the closed territory in Polissya, buildings that allow to recreate individual stages in development of the planning structure of dwelling has been preserved.
The main heating device was a varist (oven) in Polissya (as elsewhere in Ukraine) in 19th and early 20th centuries. Heating device which was used on the territory of Polissya can definitely be nominated as "oven" falls in the first half of the 10th century, it appeared here for the first time were rounded planes of dome furnace completely constructed from clay that become constructively and functionally identical with the oven. In 12th – 13th centuries such furnaces (round, less oval or horseshoe-shaped, built on a frame made of or without rods and pillars) became dominant in the Pripyat Polissya. Initial stages of the formation of wooden burns(height of 50-60 cm) has appeared on the territory of Polissya at this time. Further improvement of the design of the furnace, which was to give it a cubic form, took place during 14th and 15th centuries. The kurna system of heating predominated here by the middle of 19th century, the intensive displacement of the kurna dwelling accounted for the second half of 19th century. The segmentation of the furnace functions took place during the late 19th and mid-20th centuries, as a result of the elimination of a kurna heating system. Although, since the princely period, oven was completely dominated in Polissya, the open fire did not completely disappear here. Open fire was used in various forms in parallel with the oven until the end of the 19th century.
The structural evolution of ceiling and coating was in direct dependence on the type of heating devices. Mixed design of the ceiling and coating were preserved in the form of relict phenomena, give grounds to highlight several variants of constructions and to monitor the process of diachronic changes, which has to differentiate the functions between the ceiling and the roof with a final transition to the flat ceiling and roof with rafters' over it.
The typical equipment in Polissya dwelling was formed for centuries and was characterized by a certain set of objects, their location, as well as a system of heating and lighting. The organization of the inner space of the living chamber was determined by two main factors: the sacred symbolic functions of its separate parts and the optimal use of a small living space. The formation of the traditional interior of Polissya (as well as the all-Ukrainian) dwelling began already in the princely period, that is, when the stove began to settle in one of the corners at the entrance wall and turn forward to the door.
The complex analysis of dwelling construction allowed to reveal a number of Slavic and all-Ukrainian rices, as well as to find out the regional political peculiarities and their local specificity in certain ethnographic regions of Polissya, which to a large extent were formed by the beginning of 19th century. As a result of the research, it was established that according to the main indicators of the specifics of national construction, there is a stable unity between the separate regions of Polissya of Ukraine and the corresponding Polissya local territories that are part of the neighboring states. At the same time, the analysis of the main components of local traditional housing allowed to claim that, despite the fact that there are some phenomena inherent in the construction of neighboring ethnic groups, according to the main indicators housing policy has developed in line with the all-Ukrainian.
