Grytsiuk M. Pathophysiological mechanisms of disorders in partial renal functions in the dynamics of experimental diabetes mellitus

Object - diabetic nephropathy; the purpose is to determine the pathogenesis of changes in the partial renal functions and their structural impairments in the early stages of the development of experimental streptotrozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in order to establish early equivalents in the formation of diabetic nephropathy; methods -experimental; physiological; biochemical; morphological; laser polarization autofluorescence microscopy; mathematical and statistical; results - it was found that the development of experimental DM is characterized by changes in the functional state of the kidneys, already in the 11th day with their deepening until the 31st day, the most important of them is a violation of glomerular function, which is manifested by the growth of glomerular filtration rate; It was found out that the appearance of proteinuria in rats with experimental DM is primarily due to the overload of proximal tubular nephron by protein from the 21st day of the experiment; it is shown that the first signs of reducing the ability of the kidneys to regulate sodium homeostasis are already on the 11th day of the experimental DM, which is realized mainly by reducing the transport of sodium ions in the distal canal, in terms of the unit of the active nephron. The activation of the acid-regulating function of the kidneys is due to increased allocation of active hydrogen ions, titrated acids and ammonium ions, indicating hyperproduction of acids in the body of animals with diabetes due to the violation of energy metabolism in insulin-dependent tissues. The revealed functional changes in the kidneys are accompanied by a decrease in the activity of LF and SDG at the 31st day of the experiment, and the morphological changes of the mesangial matrix and mesangiogytic cells were detected as early as the 11th day; It was established that in the experiment, the early morphological equivalent of damage to the kidneys at DM is the change in the ratio between carboxyl and amino groups of proteins in favor of carboxylic acids (increasing the R / B coefficient); confirmation of morphological data by parameters of laser polarization autofluorescence microscopy of histological sections of tissues; the statistical approach to the analysis of autofluorescent microscopic images of the histological sections of the kidney of all groups of experimental animals revealed differences in the parameters of the calculation of a set of statistical moments of the 1st to 4th orders that characterize the time dynamics of the change of coordinate distributions of the orientation and crystallization parameters; It has been shown that the administration of NADP has a positive effect on the course of experimental DM, given the improvement in the dynamics of the parameters of the studied kidney function, the reduction of the R / B ratio, and the increase in the activity of LF and SDG during the observation period.