The dissertation summarizes the results of author’s research and reveals new data on the cortico-vegetative regulation of macro- and microelements homeostasis in productive cows, depending on the types of higher nervous activity and the tone of the autonomic nervous system at different times of the year, and the efficacy of the feed additive Germatsink for correction of the content of individual macroand microelements in the blood and increasing the productivity of cows. For the first time the results on assessment of conditioned reflex activity in cattle based on the developed express technique are presented which allows attributing animal to corresponding type of higher nervous activity in 20–30 minutes of the experiment. Based on the conducted studies, the seasonal influence of cortico-vegetative mechanisms on the exchange of macro- and micronutrients of cows’ organism was established. In particular, the strength of the nervous processes affects the blood potassium content stronger in winter (ղ²ᵪ=0,43–0,61; p<0,01–0,001), while the balance – in warm season of the year (ղ²ᵪ=0,49–0,63; p<0,01–0,001). The balance of nervous processes has a higher effect on the content of magnesium and sodium in the blood of cows than their strength and mobility. The tone of the autonomic nervous system in cows in summer is inversely related to the content of calcium, magnesium, copper in whole blood (r=−0,73; p<0,05) and blood cells (r=−0,71–0,87; p<0,001). Significant relationship between the type of higher nervous activity and
the magnesium content in whole blood, blood serum and blood cells of cows was established (F=5,35–33,8>FU=3,01; p<0,01–0,001). Moreover, the magnesium content in different blood fractions of cows depends on their vegetative status (F=20,4–30,0>FU=3,55; p<0.001). The strength and balance of the nervous processes is more strongly influence on zinc content in the blood in summer (ղ²ᵪ=0,69–0,78; p<0,001), while the strength and mobility – in the cold season. The strength of the nervous processes in summer significantly limits the content of copper in whole blood and its serum (ղ²ᵪ=0,35–0,41; p<0,05–0,01), balance – in whole blood, blood serum and blood cells (ղ²ᵪ=0,44–0,52; p<0,01), and mobility – blood cells (ղ²ᵪ0,28–0,38; p<0,05). New scientific data obtained on the productivity of cows with various parameters of cortico-vegetative regulation and its relationship with the content of individual macro- and microelements. It was found a correlation between magnesium (r=0,52; p<0,001), zinc (r=0,48; p<0,01) and copper (r=0,38; p<0,05) content and the fat content in milk of animals. The efficacy of the Germatsink feed additive for correction of the content of individual macro- and micronutrients in the blood and increasing the productivity of cows with various types of higher nervous activity and the tone of the autonomic nervous system have been experimentally proved and justified.
