Holopura S. Theoretical and Experimental Substantiation of Disorders of Metabolism and Coloral Immunity in Cattle and their Correction

In the dissertation, based on the results, the disorders of metabolism and colostral immunity in cattle were theoretically and experimentally substantiated and the correction of early immunodeficiency in newborn calves by the application of mineral medication «Stimtel» to pregnant cows during the dry period and native liposomes and liposomes with water-soluble forms of fat-soluble vitamins A and E (medication «Membranostabil») to newborn calves. It is established that application of the medication «Stimtel» in cows on dry period has a positive effect on the body of calves born from them. In particular, animals are active, quickly consume their portion of colostrum, and milk. Calves show greater stability and better developed adaptation mechanisms to extrauterine life compared to calves born from control cows, which is manifested by a significant increase of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in their blood, the level of glucose, total protein, albumin, β- and γ-globulins increased and the level of total bilirubin and the activity of indicator enzymes decreased in the serum. Phospholipid-containing preparations in the form of native liposomes and liposomes with water-soluble forms of fat-soluble vitamins A and E (the medication «Membranostabil») were developed and their prophylactic effectiveness in metabolic disorders in newborn calves was experimentally investigated. The effect of native liposomes and the medication «Membranostabil» on the morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood and the state of colostral and post colostral immunity in newborn calves was established. In particular, in newborn calves the natural formation of morphological composition of blood takes place with more pronounced changes of resistance during the first 3 days of life under the action of native liposomes and in the following period until the 11th day of their life under the action of the medication «Membranostabil». The use of native liposomes and the medication «Membranostabil» has a positive effect on protein metabolism in newborn calves, providing an advantage of anabolic processes over catabolic, increase of the efficiency of transport of albumins, haptoglobins, transferrins, and immunoglobulins G and M in the native state from intestine into the bloodstream, and prevents digestion disorders in calves.