Cheremysyna V. Pathogenetic features of resorption and remodeling of connective tissue in rats with inflammatory diseases of periodontal disease (experimental study)

The dissertation is devoted to solving the actual problem of modern pathological physiology – the explanation of pathogenetic features of resorption and remodeling of connective tissue of rats with inflammatory periodontal disease. It has been established that on the experimental modeling of acute turpentine inflammation of the rat's back skin, the connective tissue of all organs and tissues of the body, including the periodontal connective tissue, reacts. It has been found that the study of biochemical markers of bone metabolism (calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc) are important mediators in the formation of bone tissue. They can both prevent premature destruction and restore recovery. Disturbance of the balance of trace elements in the body is one of the etiological factors for changes in the remodeling of bone tissue. Significant shifts in calcium-phosphorus metabolism - in rats with periodontitis. Hypocopperemia and hypozincemia practically do not aggravate resorption of bone tissue with alveolitis and gingivitis, and hypocopperemia in rats with periodontitis can inhibit proliferation of periodontal connective tissue cells and accelerate their maturation process. Also, periodontitis is characterized by a disruption of the metabolism of calcium and phosphate, as well as metabolic acidosis, which stimulates the resorptive activity of osteoblasts. It has been established that the regulation of connective tissue remodeling is controlled by the signal path of the RANKL receptor ligand receptor, the nuclear factor kB activator (RANK), and the osteoprotegerin (OPG) receptor ligand. The adjunct is an additional regulatory element. An increase in the level of RANKL activating resorption is accompanied by an increase in adipokine levels, in particular adiponectin, which is a factor in increasing resorption and a factor in increasing the level of RANKL. Clinical and histomorphological study of the experimental material (periodontitis in rabbits and rats, gingivitis, alveolitis in rats), first, confirmed the inflammatory nature of periodontal diseases, and secondly, it proves that the processes of resorption and remodeling are constantly occurring in periodontal tissues. This is evidenced by the simultaneous presence in both soft and hard tissues of periodontium, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts and other connective tissue cells responsible for resorption and remodeling of the inorganic and organic bone marrow.