Oliskevych M. Scientific bases of the organization of transportation processes of the main automobile delivery of cargoes

The dissertation deals with the actual scientific and practical problem of excessive reservation of carrying capacity of vehicles during delivery of cargoes in the main transport networks. An analytical review of the results of existing theoretical, practical and experimental studies showed: the structure of cargo delivery chain is not shown as a combination of basic material, energy and information transformation, interacting; there are no regularities in quasi-theory or deterministic cycles; the origin of the necessary information should be considered precisely that, with regard to these properties; at each of these points, there is an objectively necessary amount of information that one needs to further investigate; the lack of theoretical substantiation makes it impossible to use telemetry facilities effectively in the organization of traffic for choosing the most rational in given transport conditions; analysis of transport conditions on the backbone transport network by means of on-board information-analytical complexes that receive, process and compare information in messages from different sources is not carried out. The dissertation is based on the proposed by the author scientific idea: the main reasons of the unequality of cargo flows, of the increase of vehicle downtime in all categories, of increasing delays in delivery of goods, of reducing the speed of delivery, and of losses and damages of freight, as well as overloading of transportation the drivers are information growing in today's and expanding transportation systems is underutilized. The single “flexible” models of transport process are proposed which the maximum possible cumulative delays in the delivery of goods from 2.2 to 5 times exceed the minimum, in the intensity range of the cumulative cargo flow 5 ... 15 transport packages per hour. There are several optimal structures of a cyclic transport process. The transport processes ability of adaptation to change the intensity of the input material flow are investigated. It is proposed to apply the appropriate structural changes in transport and technological schemes that coordinate individual logistical operations. To stabilize the transport process with minimal loss of time measures such as partial and complete redistribution of flows recommended. Transportation processes on the backbone network are reflected in the form of logistic operations models that form logistics chains. Determined dependencies of organizational parameters of operations in logistics chains are substantiated. To solve the problem of constructing a guaranteed optimum schedule of work of vehicles was involved by the criterion of minimum total process delays, subject to the maximum performance of the vehicle fleet on the backbone transport network. A multi-agent cyclic scheduling methodology that provides a guaranteed solution of sufficient accuracy within a reasonable time for periodically updated data sets developed for a group of vehicles. A simulation technique for simulating vehicle motion along a highway has been developed, which takes into account all acceleration / deceleration, and reflects in detail a sufficiently long highway distance without the use of distributed means. All motor vehicles maneuvers are carried out on the principle of objective expediency. This is in line with the concept of creating intelligent transportation systems on highways. The method, the number of sources and the moments of reports receipt by road transport and on organizational conditions of performance of transport tasks during the performance of long-distance freight transportation on the principle of "not before a certain time", with observance of optimal modes of traffic are substantiated. On the one hand, the use of multiple independent information streams reduces the deviation from the optimal motion program, on the other, it reduces the time for effective decisions. The practical implementation of the results of the study made it possible to achieve the following results: thanks to the application of the vehicle fleet management methodology and the corresponding computer program “Simulation-3”, the number of refusals in the execution of orders is reduced overall by motor transport enterprises by 28..35% of the total flow. The duration of orders for long-distance freight transportation at these and other enterprises is reduced by 12…20%. The unproductive time spent on self-driving truck trains on long-distance routes is reduced for the aggregate truck fleet of these enterprises by an average of 20… 25% of the total time of transport cycles as a result of the use of the “Schedule-20” computer program. The duration of delivery of goods on the known long-distance inland routes serving the enterprises is reduced by 15… 20%. All submitted results are confirmed by the relevant implementing acts.