The work provides a comprehensive study of the author’s cinema – a bright artistic and artistic phenomenon of Ukrainian and world culture, traced its formation, development and features of functioning in the modern cultural space.
The theoretical basis of authorship in cinema, based on philosophical, artistic-aesthetic, historical-cultural, psychological principles of reproduction of the picture of the world, is considered. This allowed us to identify different authorial models in cinema and determine the specifics of worldviews in the reflection of reality. The definitions of «author in cinema», «director-author», «author’s cinema» have been clarified. The origins of the models of authorship in cinema are traced and the specifics of the author’s reproduction of reality by means of art in different epochs are analyzed. It is specified that the basic principles of the universal language of directorial cinema were laid down by L. Kuleshov and D.Vertov. S. Eisenstein’s concept of intellectual cinema is defined as formative in modern cinematic models.
The phenomenon of autobiography in cinema is studied, its existential nature is revealed and the emphasis is on moral and ethical dominants. The typology of the author’s image in cinema according to the forms of his presentation on the screen is given. It was found that the image of the author in the film can be expressed through: presentation to the audience of their own production palette; characteristic for the director screen score of pictorial plastic; author’s idea. The expediency of using the biographical dimension and the potential of the artist’s self-analysis in the process of author’s self-realization is proved. The moral and ethical dominants of auteur cinema are analyzed and the reproduction of various models of human relations in auteur films is traced.
The ways of displaying the national idea in the author ’s cinematographic models are shown. The concept of «Ukrainian model of auteur cinema» is substantiated. It was found that the use of a camera was key in the creation of the language of films of the Ukrainian model of auteur cinema. It is shown that the formation and development of cinematic language are influenced by the following factors: the nature of the author’s talent and individuality; genre laws; historical patterns of the film process. The author’s creativity in the screen and stage space is analyzed.
The specifics and the main components of the pictorial culture of the author’s film are revealed: compositional construction of the frame, dynamics of the film camera movement, shooting angles, editing strokes, sound, light, color solutions, subject-material environment of the frame, mise-en-scеne.
On the example of the works of I. Bergman, A. Vaida, L. Visconti, K. Zanussi, R. V. Fassbinder, M. Forman, A. Tarkovsky, the specifics of the author’s activity in the screen and stage space are revealed, which presupposes the cross-use of pictorial means, theater and cinema. It is substantiated that the peculiarities of production and distribution of auteur films are connected with the state protectionism of film production and distribution and the development of the national institute of production.
The production and distribution of author’s films in the context of international cooperation are analyzed. It is proved that the Ukrainian auteur cinema is able to act as an effective means of intercultural dialogue, when the production and distribution of films is carried out within the framework of international cooperation projects – coproductions, as well as with the assistance of the European Foundation «Eurymage» and the European Commission Framework Program. It is argued that participation in projects of joint international production – co-production, is a cost-effective and efficient way to develop national (including auteur) cinema. The need to form a domestic institute of production was emphasized.
It is argued that the participation and awarding of Ukrainian auteur films at prestigious international film forums is evidence of the growing authority of domestic cinema in the international arena and welcomes Ukraine's integration into the world cultural space.
