The dissertation is devoted to the development and implementation of the scientific concept of forming the quality of motor fuels with biocomponents with a given level of operational and environmental properties, which consists in establishing scientific approaches to the choice of materials and substances, ways to combine them effectively and establishing patterns that contribute to the production of fuels with an increased octane/cetane number, a lower content of sulphur and aromatic hydrocarbons. Modern realities and problems in the Ukrainian oil products market are analyzed. A description of the range of bio-components used in the production of fuels is given. The role of the main factors in the formation of the quality of motor fuels is outlined. Considerable attention is paid to the justification of methods for obtaining motor fuels with improved operational properties. Promising directions for improving the quality of motor fuels are identified. Comprehensive studies of the influence of raw materials, types of additives, their ratio on the octane (cetane) number, fractional composition, sulphur content, and aromatic hydrocarbons of fuels were carried out. The results of research confirmed that the octane number of gasoline can be regulated by adding different types and different concentrations of oxygenates: bioisobutyl alcohol and methyltretbutyl ether, the cetane number of diesel fuels significantly increases the combination of cetane-boosting additive and isobutyl ester of rapeseed oil. Approaches to the selection of materials and substances necessary for the production of motor fuels with increased operational and environmental properties are determined. The effectiveness of using certain types of bio-components to provide motor fuels with the best operational and environmental properties is proposed, scientifically justified and proved. The main components of high-octane gasoline compositions for spark-ignition engines with the use of biocomponents are refined petroleum products and biocomponents. These refined petroleum products and biocomponents are catalytic reforming gasoline; hydrotreated catalytic cracking gasoline; benzene refined oil solvent; straight-run gasoline; bioisobutyl alcohol; methyltretbutyl ether, and for the manufacture of winter and summer diesel fuels, such a composition contains: hydrotreated diesel fuel, biocomponent, depressor additive, cetane-enhancing additive, and as a biocomponent contains isobutyl ester of rapeseed oil. It is established that the use of Keropur® Energy additives produced by Basf (Germany) and Chimec EP Line additives from Chimec (Italy) guarantees compliance with the requirements for Euro-5 gasoline standards, and the increase in the cost of gasoline with the addition of additives is justified, given the significant improvement in their operational properties.The efficiency of adding Keropur® DP ENERGY and Chemec EP-d plus additives to diesel fuels has been established. The result of the conducted research is the establishment of the optimal ratio of gasoline components obtained at an oil refinery to obtain a composition that meets the standard for Euro-5 gasoline in terms of octane number, content of aromatic hydrocarbons, content of benzene, sulphur, indicators of fractional composition, concentration of actual resins, and is not corrosive. Commodity research assessment of the quality of developed motor fuels with bio-components was carried out. It is established that the complex quality indicators of the proposed fuels are 1,27 for gasoline of the A-95 brand with biocomponents, and 2,04 for diesel fuel of the L brand with biocomponents, which indicates the qualitative advantages of the developed compositions of motor fuels with biocomponents. The economic and social efficiency of the production of motor fuels with biocomponents was evaluated. The calculations carried out show the economic feasibility and efficiency of the implementation of the proposed line, from the use of which profits will be obtained from the sale of 1 ton of high-methane gasoline with biocomponents in the amount of 6598,3 UAH., from the sale of diesel fuel with biocomponents in the amount of 9637,6 UAH.
