Zhyla S. Statistical synthesis of combined high-precision and information-enriched coherent and incoherent images in multichannel and multi-view radio engineering and optical systems

The object of research is the process of combined high-precision and information-enriched coherent and incoherent imaging; the purpose of the study is to increase the resolution and information content of coherent and incoherent images by taking into account their internal structure and functional-statistical relationships, as well as the use of methods for statistical optimization of their formation and processing in optical and radio engineering multichannel systems with aperture synthesis; research methods - methods of mathematical statistics and the theory of optimal solutions, elements of functional analysis; the notion of measure of sets, Stieltjes and Lebesgue integrals and Ito stochastic integrals; numerical methods for modeling coherent and incoherent images; results - the actual scientific and applied problem of statistical synthesis of combined high-precision and information-enriched coherent and incoherent images and the principles of their practical and software-algorithmic implementation in multichannel multi-view aerospace radars and optical coherence tomography systems were solved; novelty - the concept of coherent and incoherent images of objects of observation and approaches to determining their internal structure and functional-statistical relationships with their electrophysical parameters and statistical characteristics have been further developed; for the first time the general expressions for a true coherent image were obtained; for the first time, a comprehensive solution to the problem of recovering primary coherent images for all possible sizes and relative positions of the detection and observation regions was obtained with the indication of analytical expressions for calculating the hardware functions of multichannel radar and optical systems in the Fresnel and Fraunhofer zones and the development of recommendations regarding the possibilities of their secondary processing to increase the spatial resolution ; for the first time in the complex, the basic operations of reconstructing synthesized coherent images of the observation area in multichannel radar and optical systems were determined and their resolutions were analyzed in the case of fan, single-beam and searchlight survey methods for different sizes and relative positions of the observation area and spatially extended research objects; the mathematical apparatus of V-transformations was further developed in the direction of studying the statistical properties of UWB and MB fields of electromagnetic radiation scattered on inhomogeneities of surfaces for the correct formulation of optimization problems for the synthesis of coherent and incoherent images; the statistical theory of the synthesis of optimal methods for processing spatio-temporal signals in aerospace radars with AAs in the recovery of coherent and incoherent images of spatially extended objects was further developed; the statistical theory of estimation in radio engineering systems with an antenna array of the specific effective scattering surface, determined by an incoherent image of the observation area, in aerospace scatterometric radars with multichannel multi-view aperture synthesis was further developed; the statistical theory of the synthesis of incoherent images and the estimation of the spatially distributed parameters of extended objects in broadband and UWB systems of active aperture synthesis were further developed, which, in contrast to the existing methods of aerospace radio imaging, makes it possible to synthesize UWB systems and methods for the formation of incoherent radio images from aerospace carriers, which will provide high spatial resolution of the viewing area from -15 ° to + 15 ° from nadir; for the first time, the conditions for the use of a single-beam method for constructing optical coherent images were substantiated and the influence of the beam thickness, its disagreement, and also lateral backscattering on the admissibility of using the spatial Fourier transform as the main operation of restoring optical holograms was estimated; for the first time a method was obtained for the high-speed synthesis of coherent and incoherent images in optical coherence tomography systems with a plane-parallel beam of broadband radiation, which, in contrast to existing methods, has an increased diagnostic accuracy, an increased speed of constructing two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the internal structure of semitransparent media and a cheap optical coherence tomography; the degree of implementation - at the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics. Y. Usikov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, subsidiary "Research Institute of Radio Engineering Measurements", National Aerospace University "Kharkіv Aviation Institute"; field of application - telecommunications and radio engineering.