Maglevanaya T. Scientific bases of use of guanidine compounds for increase of ecological safety of vital activity of the population of radioactively contaminated territories

The work is devoted to the development of a scientifically based effective system of measures to prevent fires and fire extinguishing based on the use of promising technologies using guanidine compounds. And also to improve the system of ensuring the radioecological safety of the territories adjacent to the Chernobyl exclusion zone, in order to prevent emergencies, by mobilizing radionuclides deposited in forest ecosystems to reduce the dose loads of the population and participants in firefighting. It was found that the influence of the radiation factor on the formation of dose loads of the population in radioactively contaminated areas is most critically manifested in 1-2 years after a forest fire. This situation arises as a result of the restoration of forest products under conditions of increased mobility of radionuclides in forest soils, which leads to contamination of food chains. The radiation dose for the adult population depends more on the number of fires and their total area than the radiation dose for children, which is associated with the diet and consumption of forest products, which have a significant contribution to the formation of the radiation dose. The paper investigates the features of the interaction of guanidine polymers with biomass components, substantiates the effectiveness and feasibility of their use for preventive fire-fighting treatment of forest plantations, increasing the efficiency of localization and elimination of forest fires, which leads to a decrease in dose loads of the population, personnel of firefighting participants. The directions of increasing the level of environmental safety of ensuring the life of the population and personnel of rescuers in critical situations are given. Monitoring studies of the results of the use of guanidine compounds made it possible to trace the regularities of the migration ability of heavy and transition metals in technogenically polluted ecosystems, which made it possible to determine the directions for improving the mobile laboratory.