The object of research is prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis of organism of different sex and age groups of pigs under the influence of physiological factors and the methods of its correction.
Purpose of the work: to scientifically substantiate the formation of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis of organism of pigs depending on the physiological state, breed and to develop effective ways to increase their productivity.
Research methods are morphometric (length and width of spermatozoa), physiological (determination of the type of higher nervous activity, the quality of sperm production, sexual cycles, cervical permeability), biochemical (determination of vitamin A, vitamin E, ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, diene conjugates TBA-active compounds, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, estradiol-17β, progesterone, testosterone, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity), zootechnical (determination of the indexes of sow productivity), statistical (determination of averages and their errors, probability analysis of obtained data, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis of the obtained data ).
Scientific novelty: For the first time on the basis of own researches the theory of cyclic lability of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in female pigs during a reproductive cycle is formulated and experimentally substantiated. The essence of the theory is a sharp shift of homeostatic constants of peroxide processes due to a certain physiological state of the animal, which can be a new direction in the physiology of animal reproduction and be used as a theoretical basis in developing methods for managing metabolic processes. The determined lability of homeostasis reveals the cyclic nature of the reproductive function in animals.
New scientific data on the regularities of formation of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in blood of gilts during the formation of sexual function have been obtained and new approaches for corrective action to increase their reproductive capacity have been identified.
For the first time, it has been found out the differences in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes and the content of peroxidation products in blood and sperm of boars depending on the type of higher nervous activity and the significant functional differentiation to ensure the physiological course of reproduction.
It is given a comparative description of the features of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis and the activity of spermatozoa of boars, which significantly complements and deepens the theoretical knowledge to develop effective methods for targeted regulation of physiological functions of the organism.
It has been found out the new features of sperm storage outside the body and the formation of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in boars, which provided developing the ways to improve reproductive function and sperm viability.
Physiological features of the reproductive ability of gilts are determined, the new directions of improvement of technology of their artificial insemination are theoretically substantiated and defined. The efficiency of the developed mode of artificial insemination of gilts is researched and proved.
Proposed: The theory of cyclic lability of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in female pigs during the reproductive cycle. A method for the intracervical artificial insemination of gilts, which involves the penetration of a small volume of sperm through the cervix at a certain time of insemination of sows. A method of accelerated determination of the content of vitamin C and its isomers in sperm and its plasma to control the supply of boars with vitamin C and the intensity of the peroxidation processes. A method of correcting the vitamin and mineral nutrition of boars to improve the quality of sperm production under heat stress, which expands their importance in the physiology of animal reproduction. Methods of adjusting prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis to increase the reproductive function of pigs.
Implemented: Methods of increasing the reproductive capacity of pigs of different production groups of pigs used at the stations and points of artificial insemination in the State Enterprises of experimental farms of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production NAAS: "Stepne", "im. Dekabrystiv", PJSC "Plemservis " in Poltava region.
The main provisions of the dissertation are introduced into the scientific and practical work of teachers and graduate students of the higher education institutions: National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine; Sumy National Agrarian University; technologies of production and processing of livestock products of Odessa State Agrarian University; Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University; Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy; Poltava State Agrarian Academy; Ukoopspilka Higher Educational Institution "Poltava University of Economics and Trade".
