The thesis is devoted to the development of a systemic conception of state policy environment, substantiation of the mechanism of influence of environmental components on the оf state policymaking and promising approaches and directions for consideration this influence in practice of state governance in Ukraine.
The historical stages of evolution of the conceptual representation about environment as the determinant of human vital activity are outlined in the form of following conceptions: geographic determinism (XVIII – first half XIX century); spatial environment (second half XIX century); natural and historical areal (20-30th XX century); anthropic cosmism (end of XIX – 30-40th XX century); urban environment (20-40th XX century); diffusional (20-40th XX century); civilizational (40-60th XX century); environmental realism (70th XX century); instrumentalism (80th XX century); environmentalism (70-80th XX century).
The theoretical representations about environment in different spheres of the modern scientific knowledge are generalized. According to these representations the environment is thought as follows: all of surrounding object of research (philosophy); physical space (physics); set of natural conditions (geography); set of social conditions, influences, humanitarian surrounding and interpersonal interactions (sociology); material and spiritual conditions of human vital activity (communication theory); body-space environment as determinant of human behavior (psychology); artificially designed body-space lifetime environment (architecture, design); set of conditions for formation and development of individual (pedagogic science); virtual information reality (computer science); interaction space between manufacturer and consumer (marketing, PR).
The conceptual apparatus for state policy analysis is improved in the aspect of understanding the environment. In particular, the following basic notions are defined:
- "environment of state policy" – the a complete set of objective and variable conditions, factors, elements of reality, in which state policy unfolds, which interacts with state policy and in modern realities includes two levels – the state (macro environment) and global (mega environment);
- "macro environment of state policy" – the space of society limited by territory of appropriate state which characterized by peculiarities of authority organization, system of institutions, kinds of activity and communications, natural-geographic and artificially designed surrounding, historical, cultural, spiritual and valuable conditions;
- "mega environment of state policy" – the global space including organizational structures, natural, artificially designed and social phenomena, processes and conditions of world scale.
Proceeding from these basic notions the systemic conception of environment of state policy is worked out. The conception divides this environment into macro environment (state level) consisting of physical, political, governance, economic, social, humanitarian, informational environment, and mega environment (global surrounding of state) divided into global economic, political, socio-humanitarian environment. Proposed conception is the systemic representation of environment of state policy covering all spheres of society and dividing clearly the state level (macro environment) and the global level (mega environment) in specified environment. In contrast to other researches, the conception separates political and governance macro environment, distinguish humanitarian and informational macro environment, and also it make detailed structure of the components of mega environment. Proceeding from described conception the general matrix of characteristics of state policy environment is designed. The matrix represents full structure of this environment as groups set of characteristics of macro and mega environment.
The approaches to understanding main components of the macro environment of state policy are proposed. These approaches represent systemically political, economic and physical environment, separate clearly two main components of physical environment (natural-geographic and societal), divide social and humanitarian environment, represent social environment as dynamic two-level structure (general and involved environment), distinguish humanitarian environment (which include valuably-behavioral and institutional component), governance environment (represented by formal and unformal institutions), informational environment (set of appropriate subjects, technical systems, resources and technologies).
Key words: state policymaking, environment of state policy, macro environment of state policy, global environment of state policy, interaction between state authorities and society environment, mechanisms of environmental influence on state policy, risk management, prospective and strategic documents of state policy.
