The dissertation research is based on the hypothesis of the development of psychological adaptation (DPA) disorders in combatants due to the targeted effect of stressors on individual psychological characteristics. It is assumed that participants in hostilities with signs of adaptation disorders (AD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have "pain triggers" that were activated in an emergency. In turn, the nature of the stressful situation also has an impact on the specifics of the adaptive capacity and model of overcoming. The first variant of a stressful situation has a large-scale negative perception, which leads to the formation of the symptom of "avoidance", in this case, the "painful trigger" are psycho-emotional manifestations and the ability to express them. In the second version, the center is the personality itself and the assessment of actions, analysis of their role and general consequences, which forms a symptom of "guilt" and "invasion".
Thus, based on the study of clinical manifestations and mechanisms of formation of disorders of psychological adaptation in combatants, to develop the principles of their medical and psychological rehabilitation in sanatorium conditions.
The study was conducted during 2016 - 2019 on the basis of SE "Clinical Sanatorium" Resort Berezovsky Mineral Waters ". The study involved 153 people. The main group included 98 combatants, who were divided into two subgroups according to the indicators of stress response with signs of maladaptation - 74 people and with signs of PTSD - 24 people. The comparison group consisted of 55 civilians who received sanatorium treatment.
In the course of work: the clinical and psychological phenomenology of violation of psychological adaptation in combatants was studied; - identified features of stress response; the psycho-emotional state of the participants of hostilities at the stage of sanatorium treatment was assessed; typologized individual psychological features of participants in hostilities on the preventers and predictors of violations of psychological adaptation.
Based on the study of clinical manifestations and mechanisms of formation of psychological adaptation disorders, the principles of medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants at the stage of sanatorium treatment have been developed.
The scientific value lies in the fact that the principles of medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants at the stage of sanatorium treatment were substantiated and developed, which are reflected in three successive stages: initial to establish therapeutic compliance, basic rehabilitation and support - supportive.
A comparative comprehensive study of the phenomenology of mental disorders, analyzed and typologized individual psychological characteristics of combatants at the stage of spa treatment.
In-depth ideas about the interaction of emotional-affective, individual-psychological components and adaptive potential on the formation of violations of psychological adaptation in combatants at the stage of spa treatment.
The predictors and preventers of formation of disturbance of psychological adaptation at participants of military operations at a stage of sanatorium treatment are defined and differentiated.
Targets of psycho-correctional intervention have been identified and structured to solve the problem of violation of psychological adaptation in combatants, which allowed to develop a program of medical and psychological rehabilitation at the sanatorium stage.
For the first time, a program of medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants at the stage of sanatorium treatment, taking into account the options for stress response. The program included structured sessions for different variants of psychological adaptation disorders: for combatants with signs of RA who have the option of "avoiding" stress response sessions included "Stabilization-educational", "Resource-activating", "Educational-resource", "Model of overcoming "," Family-educational "and sessions on" Self-regulation "; for participants with signs of PTSD with stress response such as "guilt" and "intrusion" psychological rehabilitation included sessions of "Motivational-supporting", "Resource-supporting", "Transformation-attitude to the body", "Transformation of awareness", "Transformation of action" and support ”aspect.
