Filjov V. Selection of promising plum varieties for the creation of intensive plantations in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Filyov V.V. Selection of promising plum varieties for the creation of intensive plantations in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The Manuscript. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the candidate of agricultural sciences (doctor of philosophy) on a specialty 203 Horticulture and viticulture. Institute of Horticulture NAAS, Kyiv, 2021. In the dissertation work the possibility of successful cultivation of perspective grades and elite forms of plum in the conditions of the Right - bank Forest - steppe of Ukraine is theoretically generalized and scientifically substantiated. Promising varieties and elite forms have been identified according to a set of valuable economic and biological features that can be recommended for the creation of intensive plantations. The study involved 14 promising varieties of domestic and foreign selection and 9 elite forms of plum selection of the Experimental Station of Pomology L.P.Simirenko IS NAAS. The scientific novelty was the first comprehensive study of economic and biological characteristics of 14 varieties and 9 elite forms of plums, which determined their suitability for the creation of intensive plantations in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Undersized varieties with a high level of productivity and marketable quality of fruits have been isolated. The optimal parameters of crowns and schemes of tree placement in intensive plum plantations on plum rootstock are theoretically substantiated. According to the indicators of chemical composition and their tasting evaluation, the varieties Oda, Nenka, Herman, Yantarna Mliivska, Dobra, Bluefri, Stanley and elite forms 12516, 8124 and 8143 were distinguished by high consumer qualities of fruits, which, in addition, provide the highest level of marketability (96-98 %). These varieties, as well as the whole group of late-ripening varieties and elite forms of plums are universal in use, in particular for freezing. An economic evaluation of the efficiency of growing promising varieties and elite forms of plums was carried out, as a result of which it was proved that in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the highest economic effect of fruit production is provided by early-ripening varieties Nenka and Oda. Profit from the sale of their fruits amounted to 205-222 thousand UAH / ha, the level of profitability - 260-278%, and the payback period was the lowest and amounted to 4.8 years. Also highly effective is the cultivation of late-ripening variety Bluefri and elite forms 8124 and 8143, in which the level of profitability was 200-202%. Key words: plum, variety, elite form, fruit quality, yield, economic efficiency, intensive technologies.