The dissertation concentrates on development of a complex method of treatment and prevention of the distal extremities pathologies in productive animals.
It is established that deformations of hooves in cows are registered from 5,96% to 20,29% in farms of Ukraine and up to 23,21% in the dairy farm of Georgia.
Purulent-necrotic processes in cows are diagnosed from 2,55% to 29,80% and in heifers it’s approximately 38,36% as the structure of hoof diseases.
The smallest percentage of superficial purulent subdermatitis, from 10,00 to 16,67%, surveyed in farms of Ukraine; in the Republic of Kazakhstan it was from 13,33% to 24,44%; in Georgia heifers had from 22,73% to 35,71%. The 6,67% of deep purulent subdermatitis surveyed in cows, and in heifers had from 9,09% to 10,71% respectively.
Pelvic limbs are more likely to suffer if the predominance of inflammation of one hoof.
The main causative agents of septic processes were 68,75% monoinfections and 31,25% association which was more sensitive to the fluoroquinolone group.
Purulent-necrotic processes lead to an increase in the number of leukocytes in 2,18, erythrocytes in 1,24, ESR in 1,23, hemoglobin concentration in 1,01 times; a decrease in hematocrit by 16,6%.
The leukogram showed an increase in the percentage of rod-shaped neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils in 1,14, 1,08 and 1,07 times respectively and a decrease of segmental neutrophils and monocytes by 7,9 and 14,3% respectively.
During purulent processes was registered an increase of total protein, due to the percentage of α1- and γ-globulins and a decrease in the content of α2- and β-globulin fractions.
In the serum increased the activity of: ALT by 1,5; AST by 2; α-amylase by 1,3; alkaline phosphatase by 1,9 times.
There is an increase in the concentration of creatinine by 1,19, but glucose decrease by 1,7 times.
In the blood recorded an increase the total bilirubin concentration by 2,2 times a decrease in direct by 57% and indirect by 69,1%. The concentration of total Calcium increased by 1,24 times and the level of inorganic phosphorus decreased by 23,00%.
Computed tomography revealed edema of the surrounding subcutaneous tissue and capsule of the hoof joint in 1,2 times, thickening of the tendon of the long extensor fingers in 1,3 times.
According to laboratory results on the sensitivity of the microflora to antibiotics for treatment was used «Enrofloxacin 10%». The drug was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 2,5 ml per 100 kg of body weight, 1 time per day for 2-3 days.
In the 1 experimental group, the affected area was irradiated with a device for vibration therapy with infrared heat, made in Germany, but the use of Novocaine blockade in the 2 experimental group was less effective.
In the 1 experimental group with tethered, the fibrinous-necrotic stage lasted about 1-2 days, purulent-sequestration from 3 to 5, regenerative from 6 to12 days. In the 3 experimental group with loose-housing barn, the fibrinous-necrotic stage lasted 1-3, 3-6 and 7 -15 days respectively.
In the loose-housing barn recovery of cows was faster than in the group using Novocaine blockade.
All animals of the 1 experimental group recovered by 13-14 days under hardware irradiation and in the tie barn; animals in the loose-housing barn (third experimental group) recovered by 16-17 days.
In the 2 experimental group (animals in the tie barn) a fibrinous-necrotic stage lasted 1-4 days, purulent-sequestration stage lasted 5-7 and regenerative stage lasted 8-16 days, in the fourth experimental group (animals in the loose-housing barn) stages lasted 1-5; 5-7 and 8 -17 days respectively.
In the 4 group, complete recovery was registered 3 animals by 19 days and 9 animals by 20 days (19,75 ± 0,15 days) with a difference in groups of 2,5 days.
Complete recovery of 10 animals was recorded in the 1 control group on 22 and on 23 days in 2 animals (22,17 ± 0,39 days).
The change of stages was faster in the 2 control group than in the 1, was recorded 11 cows recovered on the 21 day and 1 on 22 day (21,08 ± 0,29 days).
Therefore, the treatment by including irradiation of the affected area by the vibration therapy with infrared heat where the economic efficiency per cow was 373.49 UAH in comparison with the 1 control, and in the 2 experimental group was 115.09 UAH.
The economic efficiency of veterinary measures per animal in the third experimental group in comparison with the second control group amounted to 142,48 UAH and was economically unprofitable in the 4 group.
The use of antiseptic hoof baths and orthopedic treatment are important in reducing of morbidity.
The use a bath with a 0,2% «DesSan» solution for tie-barn animals or treatment with a cordless sprayer for loose-housing barn allowed to prevent hoof diseases for two weeks.
The use a bath with a 2,5% «PEDILINE PRO» solution or treatment with a wireless spray for tie-barn animals performed during 3 weeks.
