The dissertation is devoted to the development of scientific methods and practical recommendations for the architectural and planning organization of multifunctional complexes based on the renovation of industrial facilities.
The analysis of the experience of renovation of industrial facilities showed that abroad there is a practice of placing new functions in industrial facilities with an appropriate spatial planning system, and in facilities that do not have the appropriate indicators, but are unique or have a historical significance. In domestic practice, the first option for economic reasons is used. At the same time, the creation of multifunctional facilities is a priority in the renovation, both in Ukraine and abroad.
The following classification of the renovated industrial objects is deduced: on town-planning signs; by functional features; by the degree of pollution; by architectural and planning features; by constructive decision; by architectural and artistic significance; by transformational possibilities.
The study identified the main options for the location of multifunctional complexes on the basis of renovation: in the center, in historic buildings, locally, in recreation, on the highway.
The substantiation of the choice of multifunctional complexes type is offered:
on the location of the industrial facility in the urban system, the peculiarities of the former production and size of the site, the type of architectural planning and design, architectural and historical significance of the facility, and compliance with modern requirements for the structure of multifunctional complexes and their urban development. According to the above indicators, there are appropriate types of multifunctional complexes: small (two to four functions, with a total area of 1000-5000 m2), medium (four to five functions with a total area of 5000-20000 m2), large (five to seven functions with a total area) 20000-60000 m2) and the largest (complex multidisciplinary systems with a total area of 60000-300000 m2).
The basic principles of architectural and planning organization of multifunctional complexes in the conditions of renovation are formulated: the principle of "adaptability"; the principle of "continuity of cultural codes"; the principle of "cooperation of functions of information and distribution space".
The following principal types of multifunctional complexes formation on the basis of renovation of industrial facilities are revealed: integration of functional blocks on the basis of one building and integration of functional blocks on the basis of several buildings. It is revealed that in the conditions of renovation of historically significant objects and architectural monuments the following methods of multifunctional complexes formation should be used: preservation of external and internal structure of object or preservation of outer shell and change of internal structure of object. In the conditions of renovation of typical and neutral industrial objects changes of external and internal structure without restrictions are allowed.
The basic scheme of the functional structure of the multifunctional complex is proposed, which is universal and suitable for all its types (small, medium, large and largest).
The nomenclature of functional models of multifunctional complexes on the basis of industrial objects is offered and developed: multifunctional residential complex, creative cluster, multifunctional cultural and entertainment complex, multifunctional museum and exhibition complex, trade and entertainment complex, multifunctional business complex, IT park, land park.
The three-dimensional methods of renovation of industrial facilities under multifunctional complexes have been established, with the help of which it is possible to comply with the existing spatial-planning structure of the renovated industrial facility to the functional model of multifunctional complexes:
Suggestions on interior design issues are given.
The author proposes methods of architectural and artistic expression of the multifunctional complex on the basis of renovation of industrial facilities: the dominance of the morphological component of the renovation object (inclusion of neutral new elements and objects, emphasis on production artifacts); contrasting comparison of the old and the new (comparison of images vertically and horizontally, stylistic palimpsest of the facades); reception of analogies and nuance comparison (cloning, coordination of parameters of old and new, nuance comparison); reception of installations and theatrical performances (installations, removal of functions on a facade, interactive illumination); radical change of the morphological component of the object (palimpsest of the facades of the whole building, the use of solid glazing, new construction).
