Ding Y. The principles of using national traditions in modern Chinese architecture (on the example of Shaanxi province).

In the first chapter, "The state and problems of the study of the defining features of traditional Chinese architecture", the author analyzed the existing source base on the research topic, analyzed the reasons for the appeal to national traditions in modern Chinese architecture and in particular in Shaanxi province, outlined the defining features of traditional Chinese architecture and listed the outstanding historical facilities of Shaanxi Province and its capital, Xi'an. Special attention was paid to Chinese scientific sources devoted to various aspects of traditional Chinese architecture. Sources devoted to restoration and monument preservation activities were separately studied, taking into account the unique number of historical monuments of national and world importance in the territory of Shaanxi province and especially the city of Xi'an. Taking into account the organic connection of traditional Chinese architecture with art, relevant artistic sources were also developed. It is noted that the spread of national motifs in modern Chinese architecture corresponds to the Chinese government's policy of nurturing national traditions and deepening the population's knowledge of Chinese culture, as well as the world's interest in Chinese culture and architecture.In the second chapter, "Methodology and methods of research of the defining features of traditional Chinese architecture", the list of general scientific research methods chosen by the awardee is described, what results they give, theoretical models of objects expressive of national identity are created and the principle of their use is described. It also describes in detail the monument protection activities for the preservation of monuments of world, national and local historical and cultural heritage in Shaanxi province.First of all, the factors that influenced the formation of the architecture of Shaanxi province during different periods were investigated (the method of historical analysis, the method of cultural analysis, the method of ethnographic analysis), the specific architectural and artistic terminology was used (the method of etymological analysis), the aspect of the connection between architecture and traditional art was investigated ( method of art analysis). The description method was used to outline the list of historical objects of Shaanxi Province, which are considered to be expressive of national and regional features in architecture. The grapho-analytical method was based on preliminary on-site surveys of prominent objects. The methods of comparative analysis and system-structural analysis, which made it possible to trace commonalities and differences between historical and new objects at different hierarchical levels, became one of the basic methods for solving the tasks of the thesis and formulating the principles of using modernized forms in the modern architecture of Shaanxi province.In the third chapter "Peculiarities of the traditional Chinese architecture of Shaanxi province and the manifestation of national characteristics in modern architecture" based on the analysis of the types of historical buildings in the territory of Shaanxi province and their dating carried out in the previous chapters, the most characteristic and massive buildings - personifications of national identity - temples, pagodas are outlined and pavilions and the principles of their compositional construction, the morphology of expressive forms of national traditions in architecture (roofs, eaves, walls, openings), traditional decor and polychromy were investigated in accordance with the created hierarchical models.Obtaining such generalizations made it possible to conduct a comparative analysis between historical and modern objects at different hierarchical levels - from composition to individual elements and polychromy, and based on this to determine the main principles of using historical forms in modern architecture.