The dissertation work is dedicated to a complex comparative pharmacognostic study of raw materials and extracts of Achillea collina (BeckerexRchb.f.) Heimerland Achillea micranthoides Klokov) of the family Asteraceae, development of parameters for their standardization and determining the dependence of their hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hemostatic and antimicrobial activity on the chemical composition. By means of qualitative reactions the presence of the following biologically active substances (BAS): essential oil, vitamin K1, phenolic compounds (flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, polyphenols), polysaccharides, carboxylic and fatty acids (FA), as well as macro-and micronutrients. Their quantitative content in raw materials and lipophilic extracts has been established. The study of the component composition of the essential oils was carriedout by gaschromatography with massspectrometry (GC / MS). 40 compounds were identified in the essential oil of A. collina, among which the oil is dominated by chamazulene (28,61±1,75%), caryophyllene (11,60±0,46%), δ-kadinen (10,28±0,13%). 32 compounds were found in the essential oil of A. micranthoides, with the largest amounts of aryophylleneoxide (18,39±1,75%), α-caryophyllene (18,39±0,57%), bulnesol (11,29±1,75%). The content of flavonoids in terms of luteolin in the herb of A. collina and A. micranthoides was determined by spectrophotometric method, as well as content of hydroxycinnamic acids in terms of chlorogenic acid; and polyphenolic compounds, in terms of pyrogalol respectively. It was found that the content of phenolic compounds is slightly higher in the herb of A. collina. In A. collina herb 12 flavonoids were identified, 11 hydroxycinnamic acids and 11 polyphenolic compound, in A. micranthoides herb - 8 flavonoids 12 hydroxycinnamic acids and 12 polyphenolic compounds. By HPLC in A. collina herb 11 polyphenolic compounds were identified, in herb A. micranthoides-12 compounds. The prevailing polyphenolic compounds in the raw materials are epicatechin, gallic acid, epicatechingalate, halocatechin. Vitamin K1 was identified by TLC in inflorescences. The spectrophotometry method determined that the content of vitamin K1 in the herb of A. collina (2,43±0,11%) was slightly lower than in the grass of A. micranthoides (3,18±0,21%). Analysis of the fatty acid composition of lipophilic fractions, which was performed by GC-MS, revealed 13 fatty acids. Of these 7compounds are saturated fatty acids, 6 compounds are unsaturated acids. The range of saturated acids of both species is dominated by palmitic acid, while oleic, linoleic acids prevail among the unsaturated acids. Ascorbic, malic, citric and tartaric acids were identified by TLC in the herbs of the studied species. The dynamics of ascorbic acid accumulation of depending on the place of plant growth. It was found that the content of ascorbic acid, which accumulates in the leaf, does not significantly depend on the place of origin of the raw materials. The content of polysaccharides fractionsin the herbs of the studied species was studied by gravimetry. It is established that in A. collina herb the monomeric composition of water-soluble polysaccharides by D-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-glucose; in herb A. micranthoides the same is represented by D-glucose, D-galactose, L-xylose. The elemental composition of raw materials by atomic adsorption spectroscopy. The content of 19 elements was determined in both samples, which are 6 macro- and 13 microelements. Potassium (2760 mg and 2500 mg per 100 g), calcium (920 mg and 390 mg), magnesium (287mg and 195 mg) respectively accumulate in a significant amount in the herbs of the studied species. In order to develop QCM projects on A. collina and A. micranthoides grass, a study of its morphological and anatomical structure was carried out. QCM projects have been developed for A. collina and A. micranthoides grass and standardization of 6 series of raw materials for compliance with standardization parameters has been carried out. A technological scheme for obtaining lipophilic extracts from A. collina (LEAC) and A. micranthoides (LEAM) has been developed. Projects of quality control methods (QMS) for the obtained lipophilic extract "Common yarrow grass lipophilic extract" (Achilleae collinae herbae extractum lipophilicum) were developed. In vivo pharmacological studies were performed and the acute toxicity of LEAC and LEAM was determined. A drug with hepatoprotective and antioxidant action. The patent of Ukraine for the utility model "Drug of hepatoprotective and antioxidant action" is received. Key words: common yarrow, yellow milfoil, pharmacognostic study, lipophilic extracts, hemostatic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant activity.
