Shupyk S. Strategic management of dairy farming development in agricultural enterprises

The theoretical generalization is carried out and the new decision of an important scientific problem concerning strategic management of development of dairy cattle breeding in the agricultural enterprises is offered in the dissertation. In the study of the concept of development it is seen as an irreversible progressive process of quantitative growth and qualitative changes in the system in the long run, which occurs under the influence of internal and external factors with maximum realization of the potential, to achieve qualitative transformation of the system by acquiring new characteristics to the negative impact of the external environment in the strategic aspect. It is argued that the formation and implementation of the strategy of growth of agricultural enterprises of dairy farming is a set of interrelated basic guidelines, which forms the basis of the logic of the process of developing a strategy for the growth of the enterprise. An integrated approach to the formation and implementation of enterprise growth strategy is based on a combination of strategic planning, process and cost-oriented concept, which is characterized by the following: the need for a strategic approach in the context of active qualitative change; availability of financial competencies in order to implement a cost-oriented approach. It is proved that the assessment of the operating environment of dairy enterprises should be based on taking into account the general methodology of strategic management, the characteristics of the industry and agricultural production in general. Strategic management of enterprise development should be carried out on the basis of a systematic approach with consideration as the object of systematic analysis of milk production activities under the conditions of variability and uncertainty of the operating environment. It is substantiated that the strategy of development of dairy enterprises should focus on an innovative type of development that will contribute to the goals of expanding the production potential of the industry and increase the value of the enterprise, the implementation of which is ensured by effective activities. To this end, a system of basic and additional indicators is proposed, their groups are substantiated with the allocation of technological, socio-economic, innovative and environmental efficiency. On the basis of the system approach the factors of external and internal environment which form both threats and new opportunities for agricultural commodity producers on milk production are identified. Among the factors of the internal environment of agricultural enterprises of dairy farming, which have a positive impact on strategic development, the following are highlighted: the availability and optimal structure of fixed and current assets; rational selection and placement of staff; rational use of forage lands; improving the breed composition of the herd; development of material and technical base; increasing the rate of renewal of fixed assets and the level of mechanization and automation of technological processes; introduction of innovative technologies of cattle keeping and feeding; compliance with scientific requirements for herd reproduction; implementation of integrated diversification; development of a system of planning and forecasting, rationing and cost control; formation of a system of employee motivation, a flexible management system and appropriate social security for employees. It is established that during the research period the following tendencies are characteristic in the development of dairy cattle breeding: reduction of the number of agricultural enterprises twice in comparison with 2008; reduction in the number of cattle in agricultural enterprises (in January 2021 decreased by 3.4% compared to the same period in 2020 to 1 million heads, including the number of dairy cows decreased to 422.8 thousand heads) ;. decline in milk production and decline in the consumption of milk and dairy products; growth of imports of both raw milk and dairy products; significant underutilization of milk processing facilities. It has been proven that farms that keep less than 50 cows have no prospects for achieving profitability of milk production; small enterprises keeping 50 to 200 cows will ensure unprofitable management of the industry only in the short term; medium-sized enterprises that keep 200 to 500 cows and large ones (500 cows and more) are competitive in the milk market.